Choi J W, Matsuda M, Kawano M, Min B Y, Wakimoto T
Department of Environment Conservation, Ehime University Tarumi 3-5-7, Matsuyama 790-8566, Ehime, Japan.
Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2001 Oct;41(3):353-63. doi: 10.1007/s002440010259.
Persistent organochlorine pollutants (POPs), such as polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and organochlorine (OC) pesticides such as DDTs (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane), HCHs (hexachlorocyclohexane isomers), CHLs (chlordane compounds) and HCB (hexachlorobenzene), were measured in subcutaneous fat of resident and migratory birds collected from the Nakdong River estuary (NRE) in Korea. Black-tailed gull, a resident bird from the NRE, contained greater concentrations of PCDD/Fs and PCBs than the migratory birds collected in the estuary. For example, mean concentrations of PCDD/Fs in black-tailed gull (395.5 pg/g fat weight) were higher than those in migratory birds, such as greenshank (198.3 pg/g fat weight), common gull (90.9 pg/g fat weight) black-headed gull (84.2 pg/g fat weight), and common tern (47.1 pg/g fat weight). However, concentrations of DDTs and/or HCHs were great in some migratory species, such as little tern (mean DDT 6,200 ng/g fat weight) and black-necked grebe (HCHs 475 ng/g fat weight). This suggested that contamination of PCDD/Fs and PCBs in resident gulls are due to intake of locally contaminated fish near the NRE. Elevated OC pesticide levels in migratory birds indicated that these birds have been exposed to DDTs and HCHs during their migration in Southeast Asian countries where chlorinated pesticides are still used. 2,3,7,8-Tetrachloro dibenzo-p-dioxin equivalents (TEQs) were calculated using the toxic equivalency factors (TEFs) reported by World Health Organization in 1998. Four of the 2,3,7,8-substituted congeners of PCDD/Fs contributed over 90% of the TEQs.
在从韩国洛东江入海口（NRE）采集的留鸟和候鸟的皮下脂肪中，检测了持久性有机氯污染物（POPs），如多氯代二苯并 - 对 - 二恶英（PCDDs）、多氯代二苯并呋喃（PCDFs）、多氯联苯（PCBs），以及有机氯（OC）农药，如滴滴涕（二氯二苯三氯乙烷）、六氯环己烷异构体（HCHs）、氯丹化合物（CHLs）和六氯苯（HCB）。黑尾鸥是来自NRE的留鸟，其体内的多氯代二苯并 - 对 - 二恶英/呋喃（PCDD/Fs）和多氯联苯（PCBs）浓度高于在该入海口采集的候鸟。例如，黑尾鸥体内PCDD/Fs的平均浓度（395.5皮克/克脂肪重）高于绿脚鹬（198.3皮克/克脂肪重）、普通鸥（90.9皮克/克脂肪重）、黑头鸥（84.2皮克/克脂肪重）和普通燕鸥（47.1皮克/克脂肪重）等候鸟。然而，某些候鸟体内的滴滴涕和/或六氯环己烷异构体浓度较高，如小燕鸥（滴滴涕平均浓度6200纳克/克脂肪重）和黑颈䴙䴘（六氯环己烷异构体475纳克/克脂肪重）。这表明留鸟体内PCDD/Fs和多氯联苯的污染是由于摄入了NRE附近受当地污染的鱼类。候鸟体内有机氯农药水平升高表明，这些鸟类在东南亚国家的迁徙过程中接触到了仍在使用的氯代农药滴滴涕和六氯环己烷异构体。使用世界卫生组织1998年报告的毒性当量因子（TEFs）计算了2,3,7,8 - 四氯二苯并 - 对 - 二恶英当量（TEQs）。PCDD/Fs的2,3,7,8 - 取代同系物中有四种对TEQs的贡献超过90%。
