He X, Rines D R, Espelin C W, Sorger P K
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Biology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Cell. 2001 Jul 27;106(2):195-206. doi: 10.1016/s0092-8674(01)00438-x.
The complex series of movements that mediates chromosome segregation during mitosis is dependent on the attachment of microtubules to kinetochores, DNA-protein complexes that assemble on centromeric DNA. We describe the use of live-cell imaging and chromatin immunoprecipitation in S. cerevisiae to identify ten kinetochore subunits, among which are yeast homologs of microtubule binding proteins in animal cells. By analyzing conditional mutations in several of these proteins, we show that they are required for the imposition of tension on paired sister kinetochores and for correct chromosome movement. The proteins include both molecular motors and microtubule associated proteins (MAPs), implying that motors and MAPs function together in binding chromosomes to spindle microtubules.
在有丝分裂期间介导染色体分离的一系列复杂运动依赖于微管与动粒的附着，动粒是在着丝粒DNA上组装的DNA-蛋白质复合体。我们描述了利用酿酒酵母中的活细胞成像和染色质免疫沉淀来鉴定十个动粒亚基，其中包括动物细胞中微管结合蛋白的酵母同源物。通过分析其中几种蛋白质的条件突变，我们表明它们对于在配对的姐妹动粒上施加张力以及正确的染色体运动是必需的。这些蛋白质包括分子马达和微管相关蛋白（MAPs），这意味着马达和MAPs在将染色体与纺锤体微管结合中共同发挥作用。
