Newgreen D F, Jones R O
J Embryol Exp Morphol. 1975 Feb;33(1):43-56.
This study was carried out in order to determine what factors control the differentiation of certain neural crest cells in the chick embryo. Emphasis was placed on the morphologically and biochemically divergent sensory and sympathetic pathways of differentiation. Embryos were precisely stage according to Hamburger & Hamilton (1951) and it was observed that sensory ganglia with somites, explanted at stages 21-24, gave rise to cells showing formaldehyde-induced fluorescence in more than 25% of explants. These cells were identical in properties to the fluorescent cells of the sympathetic system of embryos of similar age, and appeared by 12 days in vitro. These fluorescent cells did not appear when somites and sensory ganglia explants were maintained separately. The incidence of fluorescent cells in combined explants was considerably reduced or absent when cultures were maintained for 7 days or less, or when the explants were obtained from stage 25-26 embryos. Furthermore, when neural tube was also included in the cultures, the appearance of fluorescent cells was markedly inhibited. The requirement for somitic tissue to induce fluorescent cells in combined explants can be repalced by forelimb-bud tissue. The origin of these cells and the factors that control their differentiation in vitro are discussed with reference to the neural crest origin of the sensory ganglion, and the possible conditions pertaining in vivo in this region.
本研究旨在确定哪些因素控制鸡胚中某些神经嵴细胞的分化。重点放在分化过程中形态和生化上不同的感觉和交感神经通路。胚胎根据汉堡和汉密尔顿（1951年）的标准精确分期，观察到在21 - 24期移植的带有体节的感觉神经节，在超过25%的外植体中产生了显示甲醛诱导荧光的细胞。这些细胞的特性与同龄胚胎交感神经系统的荧光细胞相同，并且在体外培养12天时出现。当体节和感觉神经节外植体分开培养时，这些荧光细胞不会出现。当培养7天或更短时间，或者当外植体取自25 - 26期胚胎时，联合外植体中荧光细胞的发生率会显著降低或不存在。此外，当神经管也包含在培养物中时，荧光细胞的出现会受到明显抑制。在联合外植体中诱导荧光细胞所需的体节组织可以被前肢芽组织替代。参照感觉神经节的神经嵴起源以及该区域体内可能存在的条件，讨论了这些细胞的起源以及控制它们在体外分化的因素。
