Wendt L K, Koch G, Birkhed D
Department of Preventive Dental Care, Jönköping County, Sweden.
Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2001 Aug;29(4):302-7. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-0528.2001.290410.x.
The aim of the present study was to clinically evaluate fissure sealants on the occlusal fissures and buccal pits of permanent first and second molars after 20 and 15 years, respectively. The population consisted of 72 children, each of whom had had their four first molars sealed between 1977 and 1980. At the annual examinations, all caries-free, newly erupted second molars were sealed. When sealant was applied to the second molars, the first molars were checked and sealant was reapplied to those that had deficient sealants. At the follow-up, when the subjects were 26-27 years of age, 27 in the original group had moved from the community. Thus, the present result is based on 45 subjects. One hundred and fifty-three sealed first molars and 161 sealed second molars were available for inspection. At the follow-up examination of the first molars 20 years after sealant had been applied, 65% showed complete retention, 22% partial retention without caries, and 13% caries or restoration in the occlusal fissures or buccal pits. At the 15-year follow-up of the second molars, the corresponding figures were 65%, 30%, and 5%, respectively. Of the restored or carious molars, significantly more were found in the mandible than in the maxilla (P<0.001). This longitudinal study showed that pit and fissure sealants--applied during childhood--have a longlasting, caries-preventive effect.
本研究的目的是分别在20年和15年后，对恒牙第一和第二磨牙的咬合沟和颊沟进行窝沟封闭剂的临床评估。研究对象为72名儿童，他们每人在1977年至1980年间都对四颗第一磨牙进行了窝沟封闭。在年度检查时，所有无龋、新萌出的第二磨牙都进行了窝沟封闭。当对第二磨牙进行窝沟封闭时，会检查第一磨牙，并对窝沟封闭剂不足的牙齿重新进行封闭。在随访时，当受试者年龄为26 - 27岁时，原组中有27人已搬离该社区。因此，目前的结果基于45名受试者。共有153颗封闭的第一磨牙和161颗封闭的第二磨牙可供检查。在对第一磨牙应用窝沟封闭剂20年后的随访检查中，65%的牙齿窝沟封闭剂完全保留，22%部分保留且无龋，13%的牙齿在咬合沟或颊沟有龋或修复体。在对第二磨牙进行15年随访时，相应的数字分别为65%、30%和5%。在修复或龋坏的磨牙中，下颌磨牙明显多于上颌磨牙（P<0.001）。这项纵向研究表明，儿童时期应用的窝沟封闭剂具有持久的防龋效果。
