Carter B L, Tiffany S T
Department of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.
Exp Clin Psychopharmacol. 2001 May;9(2):183-90. doi: 10.1037//1064-1297.9.2.183.
Researchers have hypothesized that drug availability should influence addicts' reactions to drug-related stimuli, but manipulations of the extent to which drug users have access to their drugs following a session of exposure to drug cues have not produced strong availability effects. This study used within-session manipulations of drug availability to examine cigarette smokers' reactions to smoking cues. Smokers (N = 60) were exposed to 48 trials of either a lit cigarette or a glass of water while they were informed of the probability (0%, 50%, or 100%) that they would be able to consume the cue on each trial. Results from measures of craving, mood, skin conductance, and latency to access the cues indicated that the trial-by-trial manipulation of drug availability had a pronounced impact on reactivity to cigarette cues.
研究人员推测，药物可得性会影响成瘾者对与药物相关刺激的反应，但在对吸毒者在接触药物线索一段时间后获取药物的程度进行操纵时，并未产生明显的可得性效应。本研究采用在实验过程中对药物可得性进行操纵的方法，来检验吸烟者对吸烟线索的反应。吸烟者（N = 60）在被告知每次试验中能够吸食该线索物品的概率（0%、50%或100%）的同时，接触48次点燃的香烟或一杯水的试验。对渴望程度、情绪、皮肤电传导以及获取线索的潜伏期的测量结果表明，逐次试验对药物可得性的操纵对香烟线索的反应性有显著影响。
