Bárány S, Gunne L M
Acta Pharmacol Toxicol (Copenh). 1979 Aug;45(2):107-11. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0773.1979.tb02369.x.
Cebus apella monkeys subjected to chronic haloperidol administration develop neurologic disturbances very similar to neuroleptic-induced acute dystonia human beings. After varying lengths of time, certain monkeys develop a prolonged dyskinetic syndrome resembling tardive dyskinesia (TD), as seen clinically. Two monkeys with signs of TD were given single intramuscular injections of various compounds with known effects on the catecholaminergic, cholinergic, serotoninergic and GABA-ergic neurotransmittor systems, and their effect on the TD signs were rated. Dopamine receptor blockers as well as cholinergics had an ameliorating effect on the symptoms. Some compounds known to activate the GABA system, including some benzodiazepines and the GABA-transaminase inhibitor amino-oxyacetic acid, also reduced the symptoms, as did the serotonin precursor L-5HTP. Results with serotonin antagonists were equivocal. It is concluded that dopamine receptor blockade, as well as increased activity within the GABA-ergic or cholinergic systems cause alleviation of TD. The findings are in agreement with earlier reports in man and thus seem to validate this primate model.
长期接受氟哌啶醇治疗的僧帽猴会出现与人类抗精神病药物引起的急性肌张力障碍非常相似的神经紊乱。经过不同时长后，某些猴子会出现一种类似迟发性运动障碍（TD）的长期运动障碍综合征，这在临床上也有观察到。给两只出现TD症状的猴子单次肌肉注射了对儿茶酚胺能、胆碱能、血清素能和GABA能神经递质系统有已知作用的各种化合物，并对它们对TD症状的影响进行了评分。多巴胺受体阻滞剂以及胆碱能药物对症状有改善作用。一些已知能激活GABA系统的化合物，包括一些苯二氮䓬类药物和GABA转氨酶抑制剂氨基氧乙酸，也能减轻症状，血清素前体L - 5HTP也是如此。血清素拮抗剂的结果不明确。得出的结论是，多巴胺受体阻断以及GABA能或胆碱能系统内活性增加会减轻TD症状。这些发现与人类早期的报告一致，因此似乎验证了这个灵长类动物模型。
