Carpenter B D
Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2001 Sep;56(5):P257-66. doi: 10.1093/geronb/56.5.p257.
This study examined associations between attachment bonds and the care that daughters were providing to their community-dwelling mothers. Adult daughters (40 African American, 40 European American) completed assessments of adult attachment, instrumental and emotional caregiving, and caregiver burden. The author performed hierarchical linear regressions to examine the relationships between attachment dimensions (Security and Anxiety) and the provision of instrumental and emotional care. Both attachment dimensions were unrelated to the provision of instrumental care. In contrast, high scores on the Security dimension and low scores on the Anxiety dimension were associated with the provision of more emotional care to mothers. A final analysis revealed that high scores on the Security dimension were associated with less caregiver burden. These results suggest that practical care that daughters provide to their mothers may be independent of attachment patterns within the child-parent relationship, whereas affective, discretionary care may be promoted or hindered by attachment patterns. Moreover, the stress of caregiving may be mediated by a more secure attachment bond. The potential impact of adult attachment patterns has implications for both family intervention and public policy, given that more families are expected to participate in caregiving in coming decades.
本研究考察了依恋关系与女儿对其居住在社区的母亲所提供照料之间的关联。成年女儿（40名非裔美国人、40名欧裔美国人）完成了成人依恋、工具性和情感性照料以及照料负担的评估。作者进行了分层线性回归，以检验依恋维度（安全感和焦虑感）与工具性和情感性照料提供之间的关系。两个依恋维度均与工具性照料的提供无关。相比之下，安全感维度得分高和焦虑感维度得分低与向母亲提供更多情感性照料有关。最终分析表明，安全感维度得分高与照料负担较轻有关。这些结果表明，女儿向母亲提供的实际照料可能独立于亲子关系中的依恋模式，而情感性、自主性照料可能会受到依恋模式的促进或阻碍。此外，照料压力可能由更安全的依恋关系所调节。鉴于预计在未来几十年会有更多家庭参与照料，成人依恋模式的潜在影响对家庭干预和公共政策都具有启示意义。
