Extensive characterization of genetic alterations in a series of human colorectal cancer cell lines.

A number of genetic alterations have been described in colorectal cancers. They include allelic losses on specific chromosomal arms, mutations of oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes and mismatch repair genes, microsatellite instability in coding repeat sequences of target genes and methylation defects in gene promoters. Since these alterations have been reported by different groups on different tumors and cell lines, the complete repertoire of genetic alterations for any given tumor sample remains unknown. In the present study, we analysed a series of 22 colorectal cancer cell lines for 31 different genetic alterations. We found significant correlations between mutational profiles in these colorectal cell lines associated with differences in mismatch repair status. This panel of colon cancer cell lines is representative of the genetic heterogeneity occurring in sporadic colorectal carcinoma. Our results may prove to be very useful for understanding the different biological pathways involved in the development of colon cancer, and for groups studying cellular biology and pharmacology on the same cell lines.