Rosenstiel P, Lucius R, Deuschl G, Sievers J, Wilms H
Department of Anatomy, Christian-Albrechs-University, Kiel, Germany.
Microsc Res Tech. 2001 Jul 1;54(1):18-25. doi: 10.1002/jemt.1116.
Microglia are the principal immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS), characterized by a highly specific morphology and unusual antigenic phenotype. An increasing number of studies have focused on the role of microglia in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. To elucidate the function of microglial cells under several neuropathological conditions, we have studied and established a cell culture model that allows us to cultivate microglial cells in their inactive, resting (ramified) phenotype. In the first part of this work, we describe the interaction of microglia cells with their epithelial (astrocytic) microenvironment. The second part reviews experiments with microglia cell cultures to elucidate underlying signalling pathways and summarizes recent advances of our knowledge in microglial molecular pathways that may ultimately lead to neurodegeneration.
小胶质细胞是中枢神经系统（CNS）中的主要免疫细胞，具有高度特异性的形态和独特的抗原表型。越来越多的研究聚焦于小胶质细胞在神经退行性疾病发病机制中的作用。为了阐明在几种神经病理条件下小胶质细胞的功能，我们研究并建立了一种细胞培养模型，该模型使我们能够培养处于非激活、静止（分支状）表型的小胶质细胞。在这项工作的第一部分，我们描述了小胶质细胞与其上皮（星形胶质细胞）微环境的相互作用。第二部分回顾了小胶质细胞培养实验以阐明潜在的信号通路，并总结了我们在可能最终导致神经退行性变的小胶质细胞分子通路方面的最新知识进展。
