Scheiber M D, Liu J H, Subbiah M T, Rebar R W, Setchell K D
Departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, USA.
Menopause. 2001 Sep-Oct;8(5):384-92. doi: 10.1097/00042192-200109000-00015.
To determine the effects of dietary inclusion of soy foods on clinical markers for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and osteoporosis in normal postmenopausal women.
This was a single open-group prospective clinical intervention. Forty-two normal postmenopausal women consumed three daily servings for 12 consecutive weeks of whole soy foods containing approximately 60 mg/d of isoflavones. Blood and urine specimens were obtained at baseline and after 12 weeks of dietary intervention.
Serum and urine levels of individual and total isoflavones increased significantly (7-19 fold, p < 0.001) from baseline. A significant increase (9.3%, p < 0.05) in the mean lag-time of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol oxidation was seen and was positively correlated with serum phytoestrogens (p < 0.05). Significant increases were found in mean levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc) (3.7%, p < 0.05) and serum osteocalcin (10.2%, p < 0.025). Significant decreases were observed in total cholesterol:HDLc ratios (5.5%, p < 0.006) and mean urinary N-telopeptide excretion (13.9%, p < 0.02). Urinary excretion of total isoflavones was negatively correlated with very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and total cholesterol:HDLc ratios (p < 0.04). No significant changes from baseline in HDLc peroxidation, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, follicle-stimulating hormone, or estradiol levels were observed.
Dietary inclusion of whole soy foods containing 60 mg/d of isoflavones results in significant serum levels of phytoestrogens and reductions in several key clinical risk factors for CVD and osteoporosis in normal postmenopausal women. Long-term, placebo-controlled clinical trials are needed to evaluate the effect of phytoestrogens on the clinical endpoints of CVD and osteoporosis in this population.
确定正常绝经后女性饮食中添加大豆食品对心血管疾病（CVD）和骨质疏松症临床指标的影响。
这是一项单组开放性前瞻性临床干预研究。42名正常绝经后女性连续12周每天食用三份全大豆食品，每份含约60毫克/天的异黄酮。在基线时和饮食干预12周后采集血液和尿液样本。
个体异黄酮和总异黄酮的血清及尿液水平较基线显著升高（升高7至19倍，p<0.001）。低密度脂蛋白胆固醇氧化的平均滞后时间显著增加（9.3%，p<0.05），且与血清植物雌激素呈正相关（p<0.05）。高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDLc）平均水平（3.7%，p<0.05）和血清骨钙素（10.2%，p<0.025）显著升高。总胆固醇与HDLc比值（5.5%，p<0.006）和平均尿N-端肽排泄量（13.9%，p<0.02）显著降低。总异黄酮的尿排泄量与极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、甘油三酯以及总胆固醇与HDLc比值呈负相关（p<0.04）。未观察到HDLc过氧化、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、骨特异性碱性磷酸酶、促卵泡激素或雌二醇水平较基线有显著变化。
饮食中添加每天含60毫克异黄酮的全大豆食品可使正常绝经后女性血清植物雌激素水平显著升高，并降低CVD和骨质疏松症的几个关键临床风险因素。需要进行长期的、安慰剂对照的临床试验来评估植物雌激素对该人群CVD和骨质疏松症临床终点的影响。
