Moya M, Cortés E, Juste M, De Dios J G, Vera A
Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Universitario San Juan, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2001 Sep;55(9):755-62. doi: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601219.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids have beneficial effects in preterm neurophysiological development and are semi-essential. Their levels and variation in plasma and red cells in term and preterms are better known than their intestinal absorption. In this paper the absorption of supplemented arachidonic acid (AA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is evaluated in a preterm group.
Four newborn randomized groups were studied. Group T comprised 11 terms on regular formula. Preterms: group P (n=9) was on a classic preterm formula.
groups PA (n=9) and PB (n=13) were on the same formula but PB contained AA and DHA in similar proportion to breast milk. At 20 days a 3 day metabolic balance was taken for Ca, P(i), Mg, total fat and individual fatty acids (C8-C24, saturated unsaturated).
Calcium absorption was (mean+/-s.d.) 51+/-13% in terms. In preterms it was respectively 45+/-18, 38+/-11 and 37+/-21%. Total fat absorption was 92.0+/-8.0% in terms, and from 95.0+/-2.0 to 91.0+/-8.0% in preterms. Absorption of 8:0, 10:0 and 12:0 showed a very high and constant rate despite significant intake differences (715-33 mg/kg/day). Linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid were absorbed in the three groups at around 94% regardless of a greater LA intake in group P. Details of absorption (mg/kg/day) were: for AA, intake 17+/-7, fecal excretion 5+/-4, net retention 12+/-5 (75.0+/-18%); for DHA, intake 10+/-3, fecal excretion 3+/-2, net retention 6+/-4 (62.3+/-30%).
Intestinal absorption of fatty acids is high and is comparable in terms and preterms as regards the studied acids. Longer acids were less well absorbed. The supplemented amounts of AA and DHA were less well absorbed and probably not impairing calcium absorption.
University of Alicante, University of Miguel Hernández.
背景/目的：长链多不饱和脂肪酸对早产婴儿的神经生理发育有益，且为半必需脂肪酸。与它们在肠道的吸收情况相比，足月儿和早产儿血浆及红细胞中这些脂肪酸的水平和变化情况为人所知较多。本文评估了早产组中补充花生四烯酸（AA）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）后的吸收情况。
研究了四个随机分组的新生儿。T组包含11名食用常规配方奶粉的足月儿。早产儿：P组（n = 9）食用经典早产配方奶粉。
PA组（n = 9）和PB组（n = 13）食用相同配方奶粉，但PB组奶粉中AA和DHA的比例与母乳相似。在第20天时，对钙、无机磷、镁、总脂肪及各脂肪酸（C8 - C24，饱和及不饱和脂肪酸）进行为期3天的代谢平衡测定。
足月儿钙的吸收量（均值±标准差）为51±13%。早产儿的钙吸收量分别为45±18%、38±11%和37±21%。足月儿总脂肪吸收量为92.0±8.0%，早产儿的总脂肪吸收量在95.0±2.0%至91.0±8.0%之间。尽管8:0、10:0和12:0的摄入量存在显著差异（715 - 33毫克/千克/天），但其吸收速率非常高且恒定。三组中，亚油酸和α-亚麻酸的吸收量均约为94%，尽管P组亚油酸摄入量更高。吸收详情（毫克/千克/天）如下：AA，摄入量17±7，粪便排泄量5±4，净保留量12±5（75.0±18%）；DHA，摄入量10±3，粪便排泄量3±2，净保留量6±4（62.3±30%）。
所研究的脂肪酸在肠道中的吸收良好，足月儿和早产儿在这方面具有可比性。较长链脂肪酸的吸收较差。补充的AA和DHA吸收较差，且可能不会影响钙的吸收。
阿利坎特大学、米格尔·埃尔南德斯大学
