Sainteny F
U362 INSERM, Institut Gustave Roussy, PR1, 39, rue Camilie Desmoulins, 94805 Villejuif.
J Soc Biol. 2001;195(1):13-8.
Murine embryonic stem (ES) cells are cell lines established from blastocyst which can contribute to all adult tissues, including the germ-cell lineage, after reincorporation into the normal embryo. ES cell pluripotentiality is preserved in culture in the presence of LIF. LIF withdrawal induces ES cell differentiation to nervous, myocardial, endothelial and hematopoietic tissues. The model of murine ES cell hematopoietic differentiation is of major interest because ES cells are non transformed cell lines and the consequences of genomic manipulations of these cells are directly measurable on a hierarchy of synchronized in vitro ES cell-derived hematopoietic cell populations. These include the putative hemangioblast (which represents the emergence of both hematopoietic and endothelial tissues during development), myeloid progenitors and mature stages of myeloid lineages. Human ES cell lines have been recently derived from human blastocyst in the USA. Their manipulation in vitro should be authorized in France in a near future with the possibility of developing a model of human hematopoietic differentiation. This allows to envisage in the future the use of ES cells as a source of human hematopoietic cells.
小鼠胚胎干细胞（ES细胞）是从囊胚建立的细胞系，重新植入正常胚胎后，它可分化为包括生殖细胞系在内的所有成体组织。在白血病抑制因子（LIF）存在的情况下，ES细胞的多能性在培养过程中得以维持。去除LIF会诱导ES细胞分化为神经、心肌、内皮和造血组织。小鼠ES细胞造血分化模型备受关注，因为ES细胞是未转化的细胞系，对这些细胞进行基因组操作的结果可以在同步体外ES细胞衍生的造血细胞群体层次上直接测量。这些细胞群体包括假定的成血管细胞（它代表发育过程中造血组织和内皮组织的出现）、髓系祖细胞以及髓系谱系的成熟阶段。最近在美国已从人囊胚中获得了人ES细胞系。在不久的将来，法国应会批准对其进行体外操作，从而有可能建立人造血分化模型。这使得未来有望将ES细胞用作人造血细胞的来源。
