Dufour Darna L., Reina Julio C., Spurr G.B.
Department of Anthropology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado.
Am J Hum Biol. 1999 Nov;11(6):753-762. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1520-6300(199911/12)11:6<753::AID-AJHB5>3.0.CO;2-S.
The objective of this article is to assess changes in diet composition, defined in terms of macronutrient intake and types of foods consumed, in pregnancy in poor urban women in Colombia. The subjects were 20 pregnant and 20 matched nonpregnant, nonlactating (NPNL) women 19 to 35 years of age. The pregnant women were studied in three measurement rounds at 14.0 +/- 3.6, 27 +/- 2.2, and 35 +/- 1.7 weeks gestation, and the NPNL women in three measurement rounds approximately 3 months apart. Dietary intake was obtained from estimated food records and macronutrient composition from published sources. Types of foods consumed were aggregated into 16 groups: alcohol; breads; candy; coffee, chocolate; juices; fruit; legumes; meat, fish, offal; dairy; vegetable dishes; other; rice, pasta; tubers, plantains; salads; soft drinks; and soups. Macronutrient intakes showed nonsignificant increases in pregnancy. There were no significant differences between pregnant and NPNL women, except for carbohydrate intake in late pregnancy (P = 0.03). Carbohydrate, fat, and protein provided 74%, 17%, and 12% of dietary energy, respectively, in pregnant women at baseline, and did not change significantly. Except for a decrease in fruits, the types of foods consumed did not change significantly in pregnancy. There were no between-group differences in types of foods consumed except for the greater number of fruits consumed by pregnant women at baseline (P = 0.004). We conclude that in this population there were no changes in diet composition in pregnancy, except for an increase in fruit consumption in Round 1. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 11:753-762, 1999. Copyright 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
本文的目的是评估哥伦比亚城市贫困妇女孕期饮食结构的变化，饮食结构依据宏量营养素摄入量和所食用食物的类型来界定。研究对象为20名年龄在19至35岁之间的孕妇以及20名年龄匹配的非孕、非哺乳期（NPNL）妇女。对孕妇在妊娠14.0±3.6周、27±2.2周和35±1.7周时进行三轮测量，对NPNL妇女进行三轮测量，测量间隔约为3个月。饮食摄入量通过估计食物记录获得，宏量营养素组成来自已发表的资料。所食用食物的类型被归纳为16组：酒精；面包；糖果；咖啡、巧克力；果汁；水果；豆类；肉、鱼、内脏；乳制品；蔬菜菜肴；其他；米饭、面食；块茎、大蕉；沙拉；软饮料；汤。宏量营养素摄入量在孕期呈非显著增加。孕妇与NPNL妇女之间无显著差异，除了妊娠晚期碳水化合物摄入量（P = 0.03）。在基线时，碳水化合物、脂肪和蛋白质分别提供孕妇膳食能量的74%、17%和12%，且无显著变化。除了水果摄入量减少外，孕期所食用食物的类型无显著变化。在所食用食物的类型方面，组间无差异，除了孕妇在基线时食用的水果数量更多（P = 0.004）。我们得出结论，在该人群中，孕期饮食结构无变化，除了第一轮水果摄入量增加。《美国人类生物学杂志》11:753 - 762，1999年。版权所有1999年威利 - 利斯公司。
