Goodisman M A, Matthews R W, Spradbery J P, Carew M E, Crozier R H
Department of Genetics, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia.
J Hered. 2001 Jul-Aug;92(4):346-9. doi: 10.1093/jhered/92.4.346.
We investigated the genetic structure of perennial colonies of the yellowjacket wasp (Vespula germanica) in its introduced range in Australia and New Zealand. The nuclear genotypes of 712 gynes from 21 colonies, 147 workers from 5 colonies, and 81 males from 4 colonies were assayed at three polymorphic microsatellite loci. The mitochondrial haplotypes of all wasps also were determined for a 450-bp region of the mtDNA using double-stranded conformational polymorphism (DSCP) analysis. We found that multiple reproductives were needed to explain the genotypes of gynes, workers, and males in 7 of 21, 2 of 5, and 2 of 4 colonies, respectively, and that nestmate relatedness of these three castes equaled 0.42, 0.16, and 0.22, respectively. The mitochondrial data revealed that all individuals shared the same mtDNA haplotype in 20 of the 21 colonies. However, in one colony, gynes and workers displayed multiple mtDNA haplotypes, indicating that nonnestmate recruitment had occurred. Overall the genetic structure within the majority of perennial colonies conformed to expectations based on the biology of V. germanica and kin selection theory for polygyne colonies; multiple reproductives successfully produced offspring and were recruited into their natal nests, thereby maintaining relatively high relatedness between interacting individuals.
我们研究了德国黄胡蜂（Vespula germanica）在澳大利亚和新西兰引入范围内多年生蜂群的遗传结构。在三个多态微卫星位点对来自21个蜂群的712只雌蜂、来自5个蜂群的147只工蜂和来自4个蜂群的81只雄蜂的核基因型进行了分析。还使用双链构象多态性（DSCP）分析确定了所有黄蜂线粒体DNA 450 bp区域的单倍型。我们发现，分别需要多个繁殖个体才能解释21个蜂群中的7个、5个蜂群中的2个以及4个蜂群中的2个蜂群中雌蜂、工蜂和雄蜂的基因型，并且这三个蜂型的巢内亲缘关系分别为0.42、0.16和0.22。线粒体数据显示，21个蜂群中有20个蜂群的所有个体共享相同的线粒体单倍型。然而，在一个蜂群中，雌蜂和工蜂表现出多种线粒体单倍型，这表明发生了非巢内成员的招募。总体而言，大多数多年生蜂群的遗传结构符合基于德国黄胡蜂生物学和多雌蜂蜂群亲缘选择理论的预期；多个繁殖个体成功产生后代并被招募回其出生的蜂巢，从而在相互作用的个体之间保持相对较高的亲缘关系。
