PROPELLER MRI: clinical testing of a novel technique for quantification and compensation of head motion.

While head motion is considered a significant problem in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), there is no data to quantify its extent, severity, or effect on image quality. PROPELLER (Periodically Rotated Overlapping ParallEL Lines with Enhanced Reconstruction) MRI offers a novel means of quantifying and compensating for head motion. We performed axial T2-weighted PROPELLER (motion corrected: P-CR; uncorrected: P-UNCR) and conventional MRI (CONV), with equal scan times, in five normal volunteers and 35 clinical subjects. Volunteers were examined lying still and performing two separate head movements (shake "no" and nod "yes") to assess detection and compensation of in-plane motion by PROPELLER MRI. Images were examined by three radiologists for motion artifact and for overall image quality. Head rotation and translation was detected in all subjects during each slice acquisition, with expected changes occurring with volunteer head motion. Motion artifact was less commonly seen on PROPELLER than CONV MR (chi(2) test P < 0.001). PROPELLER was preferred over CONV in all subjects (P < 0.05) and P-CR was judged superior to P-UNCR (P = 0.02). Intracranial pathology was equally or better demonstrated with PROPELLER. PROPELLER MRI offers a means of quantifying head motion, reducing motion artifact, and improving image quality.