Spillantini P, Taccetti F, Papini P, Rossi L
INFN, Sezione di Firenze, Italy.
Nucl Instrum Methods Phys Res A. 2000 Apr 1;443(2-3):254-63. doi: 10.1016/s0168-9002(99)01091-8.
During the interplanetary flights the crewmembers will be exposed to cosmic ray radiation with great risk for their health. The absorbed dose due to CR depends on the galactic (GCR) or solar (SCR) origin. GCRs are isotropic and relatively high in energy and deliver a dose nearly constant with time that can be reduced only by means of "heavy" passive protection. The outer walls of the spacecraft usually shield the SCRs up to a few tens of MeV, but during some exceptional solar bursts, a great number of particles, mainly protons, are ejected at higher energies. In this case the dose delivered in a few hours by a solar burst can easily exceed 1 year cumulated dose by GCRS. The high-energy component of SCRs is quasi-directional so that a shielding system based on a superconductive magnetic lens can reduce the daily dose of SCRs to the level delivered by GCRS.
在星际飞行期间，机组人员将暴露于宇宙射线辐射中，这对他们的健康构成巨大风险。由宇宙射线（CR）造成的吸收剂量取决于其银河（GCR）或太阳（SCR）起源。银河宇宙射线是各向同性的，能量相对较高，其剂量随时间几乎保持恒定，只能通过“厚重”的被动防护手段来降低。航天器的外壁通常能屏蔽能量高达几十兆电子伏特的太阳宇宙射线，但在一些特殊的太阳爆发期间，大量主要为质子的粒子会以更高的能量被喷射出来。在这种情况下，一次太阳爆发在几小时内所产生的剂量很容易超过银河宇宙射线一年的累积剂量。太阳宇宙射线的高能成分是准定向的，因此基于超导磁透镜的屏蔽系统可以将太阳宇宙射线的日剂量降低到银河宇宙射线所产生的剂量水平。
