Liénard A, Guellaf H, Boutin C
Cemagref, Research unit, Chauveau, Lyon, France.
Water Sci Technol. 2001;44(2-3):189-96.
In a range from 100 to about 1,000 People Equivalent (PE), Secondary Wastewater Sand Filters (SWSF) are used by a lot of rural communities in France. A series of case studies however point out that several criteria concerning global and detailed design and implementation of these systems have to be approached scientifically, in order to obtain the expected results on a long-term basis. The choice of the sand constituting the infiltration bed, core of the biological reactor, is of course one of the key elements and is the main subject of this article. It must have a sufficient initial permeability in order to ensure an adapted infiltration speed, after colonisation by the purifying biomass. The d10 fines content and degree of uniformity mainly control this permeability. The quarry or the aggregate extractor, who masters his production this way, usually gives these elements, based on granulometric analysis. However the adjustment of an infiltration test with clear water is essential to check on site the conformity of the deliveries.
在法国，许多农村社区使用规模为100至约1000人口当量（PE）的二级废水砂滤器（SWSF）。然而，一系列案例研究指出，为了长期获得预期效果，必须科学地考虑与这些系统的整体和详细设计及实施相关的若干标准。构成生物反应器核心——渗滤床的沙子的选择，当然是关键要素之一，也是本文的主要主题。它必须具有足够的初始渗透率，以便在被净化生物质定殖后确保适宜的渗透速度。d10细颗粒含量和均匀度主要控制这种渗透率。以这种方式掌握其生产的采石场或集料提取商通常会根据粒度分析给出这些参数。然而，进行清水渗透试验以在现场检查所交付材料的符合性至关重要。
