Maier-Riehle B, Härter M
Federation of German Pension Insurance Institutions (VDR), Frankfurt.
Int J Rehabil Res. 2001 Sep;24(3):199-206. doi: 10.1097/00004356-200109000-00005.
Back schools are educational programmes for the prevention and rehabilitation of back pain. A quantitative review (meta-analysis) was performed to synthesize the existing evidence on their effectiveness, for different outcome criteria and time categories. On the basis of a systematic literature research, 18 controlled back school studies with a total of 1682 participants could be included in the meta-analysis. Effect sizes that compared back school patients with patients in a control group were calculated for 14 outcome criteria and four time categories. Effectiveness of back schools was shown for the time period within 6 months of intervention. However, effects for the 14 examined criteria revealed large differences: in contrast to the strong effects on correct back posture and movements and on knowledge of back school contents, the intervention had only small effects on health economic variables (e.g. utilization of the health care system) and no effects on clinical variables (e.g. pain intensity). With regard to the time period following the 6 months after intervention, the analysed data does not strongly support the effectiveness of back schools. It is concluded that the effectiveness of back school intervention depends on the outcome criterion and time of measurement. The results suggest that the concept of back school programmes should be improved and systematically re-evaluated.
脊柱康复课程是用于预防和康复背痛的教育项目。我们进行了一项定量综述（荟萃分析），以综合现有关于其有效性的证据，涉及不同的结果标准和时间类别。在系统的文献研究基础上，18项对照脊柱康复课程研究（共1682名参与者）可纳入荟萃分析。针对14项结果标准和四个时间类别，计算了将脊柱康复课程患者与对照组患者进行比较的效应量。在干预后6个月内显示出脊柱康复课程的有效性。然而，对于所检查的14项标准，效应显示出很大差异：与对正确的背部姿势和动作以及对脊柱康复课程内容的了解有强烈影响相反，该干预对健康经济变量（如医疗保健系统的利用率）只有很小的影响，对临床变量（如疼痛强度）没有影响。关于干预后6个月后的时间段，分析的数据并不强烈支持脊柱康复课程的有效性。得出的结论是，脊柱康复课程干预的有效性取决于结果标准和测量时间。结果表明，脊柱康复课程项目的概念应加以改进并进行系统的重新评估。
