Pappas G, Moss N
Department of International Health, John Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health, Calverton, MD 20705, USA.
Int J Health Serv. 2001;31(3):647-58. doi: 10.2190/31AY-78AP-JAUL-BD61.
Health for All in the Twenty-first Century is the document presenting the global health policy adopted by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1998, which reaffirms and updates the vision of Alma-Ata. This article provides a synopsis of the document and a commentary, concentrating on the issue of equity, which is central to WHO policy, and discussing cultural differences that underpin the notion of equity. The meaning of "equity" implies measurement, and the authors develop an approach to definitions of social strata and data issues that are used to quantify health differences. Finally, they discuss the way in which policies invoking equity are implemented into programs and present a rights-based approach as a case study of one way in which policy is being translated into action.
《21世纪人人享有健康》是阐述世界卫生组织（WHO）1998年通过的全球卫生政策的文件，该政策重申并更新了阿拉木图宣言的愿景。本文对该文件进行了概述并加以评论，重点关注公平性问题，这是WHO政策的核心，并探讨了构成公平性概念基础的文化差异。“公平”的含义意味着衡量标准，作者们制定了一种方法来界定社会阶层以及用于量化健康差异的数据问题。最后，他们讨论了将公平性政策转化为项目的实施方式，并以基于权利的方法为例，探讨了将政策转化为行动的一种方式。
