Powers J R, Harris J R, Etherton J R, Ronaghi M, Snyder K A, Lutz T J, Newbraugh B H
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Division of Safety Research, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505-2888, USA.
Inj Prev. 2001 Sep;7 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):i54-8. doi: 10.1136/ip.7.suppl_1.i54.
Approximately 132 agricultural tractor overturn fatalities occur per year. The use of rollover protective structures (ROPS), along with seat belts, is the best known method for preventing these fatalities. One impediment to ROPS use, however, is low clearance situations, such as orchards and animal confinement buildings. To address the need for ROPS that are easily adapted to low clearance situations, the Division of Safety Research, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), developed an automatically deploying, telescoping ROPS (Auto-ROPS). The NIOSH AutoROPS consists of two subsystems. The first is a retractable ROPS that is normally latched in its lowered position for day-to-day use. The second subsystem is a sensor that monitors the operating angle of the tractor. Ifa rollover condition is detected by the sensor, the retracted ROPS will deploy and lock in the full upright position before ground contact. Static load testing and field upset tests of the NIOSH AutoROPS have been conducted in accordance with SAE standard J2194. Additionally, timed trials of the AutoROPS deployment mechanism were completed. The design of the retractable ROPS and sensor, as well as the results of the different testing phases are discussed.
每年大约有132起农用拖拉机翻车致死事故。使用翻车保护结构（ROPS）并系上安全带，是预防这些致死事故最广为人知的方法。然而，ROPS使用的一个障碍是低净空情况，例如果园和牲畜圈舍。为满足对易于适应低净空情况的ROPS的需求，美国国家职业安全与健康研究所（NIOSH）安全研究部开发了一种自动展开的伸缩式ROPS（自动ROPS）。NIOSH自动ROPS由两个子系统组成。第一个是可伸缩的ROPS，通常在日常使用时锁定在其降低位置。第二个子系统是一个传感器，用于监测拖拉机的作业角度。如果传感器检测到翻车情况，缩回的ROPS将在接触地面之前展开并锁定在完全直立位置。NIOSH自动ROPS的静态载荷测试和现场翻车测试已按照SAE标准J2194进行。此外，自动ROPS展开机构的定时试验也已完成。文中讨论了可伸缩ROPS和传感器的设计以及不同测试阶段的结果。
