Hann C S, Rock C L, King I, Drewnowski A
Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2001 Oct;74(4):479-86. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/74.4.479.
The Healthy Eating Index (HEI) is a 100-point analytic scoring tool used to measure compliance with dietary recommendations and guidelines.
The objective was to calculate HEI scores for a sample of women and to link the HEI scores to plasma biomarkers of dietary exposure.
Respondents were 340 women aged 21-80 y who were enrolled in a case-control study of diet and breast cancer. The sample included 172 patients with newly diagnosed cancer (case subjects), 149 cancer-free control subjects, and 19 women at high risk of breast cancer. Dietary intake assessment was based on 3-d food records. HEI scores were calculated for all respondents. Venous blood was collected for measurements of plasma carotenoids, vitamin C, and folate.
Higher HEI scores were associated most strongly with greater dietary variety (r = 0.71), higher intakes of fruit (r = 0.57), and lower intakes of fat and saturated fat. HEI scores were also associated with higher intakes of energy, carbohydrates, fiber, folate, and vitamin C. Higher HEI scores were associated with higher plasma concentrations of alpha-carotene (r = 0.40), beta-carotene (r = 0.28), beta-cryptoxanthin (r = 0.41), lutein (r = 0.23), and vitamin C (r = 0.26) after age and vitamin supplement use were controlled for in a regression model. There was a further association between HEI scores and socioeconomic variables. Women with higher HEI scores were more likely to be older, married, and better educated and to have higher household incomes.
健康饮食指数（HEI）是一种用于衡量对饮食建议和指南依从性的100分分析评分工具。
计算一组女性的HEI得分，并将HEI得分与饮食暴露的血浆生物标志物联系起来。
研究对象为340名年龄在21 - 80岁的女性，她们参与了一项饮食与乳腺癌的病例对照研究。样本包括172例新诊断癌症患者（病例组）、149例无癌对照者以及19例乳腺癌高危女性。饮食摄入量评估基于3天的食物记录。计算所有研究对象的HEI得分。采集静脉血以测定血浆类胡萝卜素、维生素C和叶酸。
较高的HEI得分与更多样化的饮食（r = 0.71）、更高的水果摄入量（r = 0.57）以及更低的脂肪和饱和脂肪摄入量密切相关。HEI得分还与更高的能量、碳水化合物、纤维、叶酸和维生素C摄入量相关。在回归模型中对年龄和维生素补充剂使用情况进行控制后，较高的HEI得分与较高的血浆α - 胡萝卜素（r = 0.40）、β - 胡萝卜素（r = 0.28）、β - 隐黄质（r = 0.41）、叶黄素（r = 0.23）和维生素C（r = 0.26）浓度相关。HEI得分与社会经济变量之间还存在进一步的关联。HEI得分较高的女性更有可能年龄较大、已婚、受教育程度较高且家庭收入较高。
