Sato A, Sato Y, Shimada F, Torigata Y
Brain Res. 1975 Sep 5;94(3):465-74. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(75)90229-2.
(1) The effect of stimulation of various skin areas on the function of the bladder was examined in anesthetized rats with the CNS intact, in decerebrated non-anesthetized rats and in spinal rats. The tone and contraction of the bladder was measured by the intravesical ballon method. (2) When the volume of the intravesical ballon was expanded so that the resting vesical pressure was increased from O to approximately 40 mm H2O level, the bladder revealed small spontaneous contractions in all experiments. Under these conditions intravesical pressure was increased approximately 40 mm H2O by application of tactile or nociceptive stimulation of the skin in the perineal area. This excitatory perneal-bladder response existed befor and after spinal transection and was shown to be a propriospinal reflex for which reflexly increased nerve discharges of vesical branches of the pelvic nerves were responsible. (3) When the volume of the intravesical ballon was further expanded so that the resting vesical pressure was kept about 200 mm H2O, the bladder had the usual large rhythmic contractions (micturition contractions) with amplitudes of about 610 mm H2O, and rhythms of 1--3/min in the CNS intact or decrebrated rats. These large contractions were driven by the rhythmic bust discharges of the vesical nerve branches of the pelvic nerves. The occurrence of the large contractions of the bladder could be inhibited by nociceptive stimulation which was localized in the perineal area. This inhibition of the large contractions was caused by disappearance of the rhythmic burst discharges in the vesical branches of the pelvic nerves. (4) On some occasions in the CNS intact anesthetized and in the decerebrated non-anesthetized rats the large contractions of the bladder disappeared during experiments even when the bladder was expanded enough for producing normal large contractions and kept at high intravesical pressure. Regardless of whether the large contractions existed or not at the high intravesical pressure, the vesical pressure was increased by perineal stimulation due to the same neural mechanism mentioned in (2) above.
(1) 在中枢神经系统完整的麻醉大鼠、去大脑非麻醉大鼠和脊髓大鼠中，研究了刺激不同皮肤区域对膀胱功能的影响。膀胱的张力和收缩通过膀胱内气囊法进行测量。(2) 当膀胱内气囊的体积扩大，使静息膀胱压力从0增加到约40 mm H₂O水平时，在所有实验中膀胱均显示出小的自发收缩。在这些条件下，通过对会阴区皮肤施加触觉或伤害性刺激，膀胱内压力增加约40 mm H₂O。这种兴奋性的会阴 - 膀胱反应在脊髓横断前后均存在，并且被证明是一种脊髓固有反射，由盆神经膀胱分支的神经放电反射性增加所致。(3) 当膀胱内气囊的体积进一步扩大，使静息膀胱压力保持在约200 mm H₂O时，在中枢神经系统完整或去大脑的大鼠中，膀胱出现通常的大幅度节律性收缩（排尿收缩），幅度约为610 mm H₂O，节律为1 - 3次/分钟。这些大幅度收缩由盆神经膀胱分支的节律性爆发性放电驱动。膀胱的大幅度收缩可被定位在会阴区的伤害性刺激所抑制。这种对大幅度收缩的抑制是由于盆神经膀胱分支的节律性爆发性放电消失所致。(4) 在某些情况下，在中枢神经系统完整的麻醉大鼠和去大脑非麻醉大鼠中，即使膀胱已充分扩张以产生正常的大幅度收缩并保持在高膀胱内压力，在实验过程中膀胱的大幅度收缩仍会消失。无论在高膀胱内压力下大幅度收缩是否存在，由于上述(2)中提到的相同神经机制，会阴刺激都会使膀胱压力升高。
