Pollak K I, Arredondo E M, Yarnall K S, Lipkus I, Myers E, McNeilly M, Costanzo P
Cancer Prevention, Detection and Control Research Program, Duke Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710-2949, USA.
Prev Med. 2001 Oct;33(4):292-9. doi: 10.1006/pmed.2001.0884.
Sixty-seven percent of physicians report advising their smoking patients to quit. Primary care residents' priorities for preventive health for a young "high-risk" female are unknown. Factors related to residents addressing smoking also need examining.
One hundred residents completed a survey about preventive health issues for a woman in her 20s "who leads a high-risk lifestyle." Residents indicated which topics they would address, and the likelihood that they would address each of 12 relevant preventive health topics, their outcome expectancies that the patient would follow their advice on each topic, their confidence that they could address the topic, and perceived barriers for addressing the topic.
Residents listed STD prevention most frequently. Drug use and smoking cessation were second and third most frequently listed. Residents who believed that the patient would follow their advice were more likely to list smoking cessation than residents who had lower outcome expectancies for that patient. Higher barriers were negatively related to addressing smoking cessation.
When time is not a barrier, residents are likely to address smoking cessation. Teaching residents how to incorporate this subject into their clinical practice is needed. Raising residents' outcome expectancies may increase their likelihood of addressing smoking cessation.
67%的医生报告称会建议吸烟患者戒烟。初级保健住院医师对年轻“高危”女性预防性健康问题的优先考虑尚不清楚。与住院医师处理吸烟问题相关的因素也需要进行研究。
100名住院医师完成了一项关于一名20多岁“生活方式高危”女性预防性健康问题的调查。住院医师指出他们会涉及哪些话题，以及他们处理12个相关预防性健康话题中每个话题的可能性、他们对患者会听从他们关于每个话题建议的结果预期、他们对自己能够处理该话题的信心，以及处理该话题所感知到的障碍。
住院医师最常列出的是性传播疾病预防。药物使用和戒烟分别排在第二和第三位。认为患者会听从他们建议的住院医师比那些对该患者结果预期较低的住院医师更有可能列出戒烟。更高的障碍与处理戒烟问题呈负相关。
当时间不是障碍时，住院医师可能会处理戒烟问题。需要教导住院医师如何将这个主题纳入他们的临床实践。提高住院医师的结果预期可能会增加他们处理戒烟问题的可能性。
