Carel R S
Department of Occupational Medicine, Division of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 84105, Israel.
Croat Med J. 2001 Oct;42(5):565-8.
To present, partially in quantitative terms, the basic characteristics of a regional occupational health service in southern Israel.
Records of the annual activities of the regional occupational health service were analyzed over a period of about 10 years.
Overall there were about 25,000 contacts per year, such that about 15,000-16,000 different individuals were examined each year (out of a population of about 150,000 workers). About 45% of the examinations performed were surveillance (statutory), 38% fitness-to-work, and 15% pre-employment examinations. These proportions were quite stable over the whole study period, even though services are provided to hundreds of work-sites of markedly different sizes, exposures, and technological development. As expected, the type and rate of abnormal findings differ significantly among the 3 categories: 7% for pre-employment examinations, 18% for surveillance, and 53% for fitness-to- work examinations.
In order to provide adequate occupational health services to a large, non-uniform population of workers, a clear understanding of the "occupational map" of the region is needed. A good insight into the characteristics, aims, and scope of the 3 main categories of examinations used in occupational health could assist in forecasting, planning, and providing adequate regional occupational health service.
部分以定量方式呈现以色列南部地区职业健康服务的基本特征。
对该地区职业健康服务约10年期间的年度活动记录进行分析。
总体而言，每年约有25000次接触，即每年约15000 - 16000名不同个体接受检查（在约150000名工人的总人口中）。所进行检查中约45%为监测（法定），38%为工作适应性检查，15%为就业前检查。尽管服务提供给数百个规模、暴露情况和技术发展明显不同的工作场所，但在整个研究期间这些比例相当稳定。正如预期的那样，这三类检查中异常发现的类型和比例差异显著：就业前检查为7%，监测为18%，工作适应性检查为53%。
为了向大量、多样化的工人群体提供充分的职业健康服务，需要清楚了解该地区的“职业地图”。深入了解职业健康中使用的三类主要检查的特征、目的和范围有助于预测、规划和提供充分的地区职业健康服务。
