Polsky R H, Chance M R
J Nerv Ment Dis. 1979 Nov;167(11):669-74. doi: 10.1097/00005053-197911000-00003.
Ethological methods were employed to monitor social interaction among 24 long stay male patients on a psychiatric ward. Most were diagnosed as schizophrenic. Analysis was made using four molar behavioral groupings: assertive, altruistic, cigarette, and verbal. Within each grouping social behavior was divided into two categories: sending and receiving. Patients were ranked in an interactional scale and divided into three groups on the basis of the amount of social interaction: top, middle, and bottom third. Results showed that individuals in the top third tended to be senders of social behavior, whereas individuals in the middle and bottom thirds tended to be receivers. Individuals in the middle received relatively large amounts of assertive behavior. In addition, correlative relationships indicated positive associations between send and receive verbal and send and receive cigarette. No associatiociation existed between send and receive verbal and send and receive assertive. Findings are discussed in terms of a) sending and receiving profiles characteristic of each third of the interactional scale; b) the value of dividing social behavior into components of sending and receiving; and c) the role assertive behavior plays in the social organization of hospitalized groups.
采用行为学方法监测了某精神科病房24名长期住院男性患者之间的社交互动。大多数患者被诊断为精神分裂症。分析采用了四种总体行为分组：主动型、利他型、吸烟型和言语型。在每个分组中，社交行为分为两类：发出和接受。根据社交互动量，将患者在互动量表上进行排名，并分为三组：前1/3、中间1/3和后1/3。结果显示，前1/3的个体倾向于成为社交行为的发出者，而中间1/3和后1/3的个体倾向于成为接受者。中间1/3的个体接受了相对大量的主动型行为。此外，相关性分析表明，言语发出与接受以及吸烟发出与接受之间存在正相关。言语发出与接受和主动型发出与接受之间不存在关联。研究结果从以下几个方面进行了讨论：a）互动量表各1/3部分特有的发出和接受特征；b）将社交行为分为发出和接受成分的价值；c）主动型行为在住院群体社会组织中所起的作用。
