Polsky R H, Chance M R
J Nerv Ment Dis. 1980 Sep;168(9):550-5. doi: 10.1097/00005053-198009000-00005.
Naturalistic observations were made on 24 chronic schizophrenic patients in order to determine whether patterns of spatial behavior in a ward setting resembled those reported by Esser et al. for similar population. Patients were ranked in a social interaction hierarchy. Interactional categories included altruistic, verbal, and assertive behavior, and behavior surrounding the exchange of cigarettes. Patient space use was analyzed on a group and individual basis according to preferences for particular chairs or particular areas of the ward. Groups were formed by dividing the interactional hierarchy into thirds: top, middle, and bottom. Results showed that patients who interacted the most (i.e., top interactors) tended to sit in the areas closet to the front of the ward. Middle interactors preferred the areas furthest from the front, and bottom interactors exhibited no preference for any area. Preferences remained stable over a 1-year period. More patients in this study (100 per cent) than in Esser's study (50 per cent) met the criterion of territoriality, as defined by Esser. These findings are inconsistent with those of Esser et al. Possible sources of discrepancy are discussed.
对24名慢性精神分裂症患者进行了自然观察，以确定病房环境中的空间行为模式是否与埃塞尔等人报告的类似人群的模式相似。患者按照社会互动等级进行排名。互动类别包括利他行为、言语行为、 assertive行为以及围绕香烟交换的行为。根据对特定椅子或病房特定区域的偏好，对患者的空间使用情况进行了分组和个体分析。通过将互动等级分为三等份：上层、中层和下层来形成组。结果显示，互动最多的患者（即上层互动者）倾向于坐在病房前部附近的区域。中层互动者更喜欢离前部最远的区域，而下层互动者对任何区域都没有偏好。在一年的时间里，偏好保持稳定。与埃塞尔的研究（50%）相比，本研究中有更多患者（100%）符合埃塞尔所定义的领地性标准。这些发现与埃塞尔等人的发现不一致。讨论了可能存在差异的来源。
