Fuhrmann M, Zhou H, Neiheisel J, Dyer R
Brookhaven National Laboratory, Environmental and Waste Technology Center, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2001 Jan-Jun;43(1-6):102-10. doi: 10.1016/s0025-326x(00)00232-0.
The purpose of this study is to quantify some of the parameters needed to perform near-field modelling of sites in the Kara Sea that were impacted by the disposal of radioactive waste. The parameters of interest are: the distribution coefficients (Kd) for several important radionuclides, the mineralogy of the sediment, and the relationship of Kd to liquid-to-solid ratio. Sediment from the Kara Sea (location: 73 degrees 00'N, 58 degrees 00'E) was sampled from a depth of 287 m on August 23/24, 1992. Analysis of the material included mineralogy, grain size and total organic carbon (TOC). Uptake kinetics were determined for 85Sr, 137Cs, 241Am, 99Tc, 1251, 232U and 210Pb and distribution coefficients (Kd) were determined for these radionuclides using batch type experiments. Sorption isotherms, developed for 137Cs, 85Sr and 99Tc, were linear in each case. Increasing the liquid-to-solid ratio strongly increased uptake of 137Cs and moderately increased uptake of 99Tc. Analysis for anthropogenic radionuclides indicated the presence only of 239/240Pu in the sediment with the highest activity (at the top section of the core) being 0.420 Bq kg(-1). Other anthropogenic radionuclides were below detection limits.
本研究的目的是量化对卡拉海受放射性废物处置影响的场地进行近场建模所需的一些参数。感兴趣的参数包括：几种重要放射性核素的分配系数（Kd）、沉积物的矿物学以及Kd与液固比的关系。1992年8月23日至24日，从卡拉海（位置：北纬73°00′，东经58°00′）287米深处采集了沉积物样本。对该物质的分析包括矿物学、粒度和总有机碳（TOC）。测定了85Sr、137Cs、241Am、99Tc、125I、232U和210Pb的吸收动力学，并使用分批式实验测定了这些放射性核素的分配系数（Kd）。为137Cs、85Sr和99Tc绘制的吸附等温线在每种情况下均为线性。增加液固比会显著增加137Cs的吸收，并适度增加99Tc的吸收。对人为放射性核素的分析表明，沉积物中仅存在239/240Pu，最高活度（在岩芯顶部）为0.420 Bq kg-1。其他人为放射性核素低于检测限。
