Campbell M R, Dawson D L, Melton S, Hooker D, Cantu H
NASA Medical Operations, Johnson Space Center and Wyle Laboratories, Houston, TX, USA.
Aviat Space Environ Med. 2001 Oct;72(10):871-6.
Performing a surgical procedure during spaceflight will become more likely in the future as the duration of missions becomes longer. Only minimal surgical capability was available on previous missions since the definitive medical care time was short and the likelihood of a surgical event too low to justify carrying surgical hardware onboard. Early demonstrations of surgical procedures in the microgravity environment of parabolic flight indicated the need for careful logistical planning and restraint of surgical hardware. Human ergonomics also has more effect in microgravity than in the conventional 1-G environment.
Three methods of surgical instrument restraint--a Minor Surgical Kit (MSK), a Surgical Restraint Scrub Suit (SRSS), and a Surgical Tray (ST)--were evaluated in parabolic flight surgical procedures.
The MSK was easily stored, easily deployed, and demonstrated the best ability to facilitate a surgical procedure in microgravity.
Important factors in a surgical restraint system for microgravity include excellent organization of supplies, ability to maintain sterility, accessibility while providing secure restraint, ability to dispose of sharp items and biological trash, and ergonomic efficiency.
随着未来太空任务持续时间延长，在太空飞行期间进行外科手术的可能性将增加。由于之前任务中的确定性医疗护理时间短，且手术事件发生的可能性过低，不值得在飞船上携带手术器械，因此之前的任务中仅具备最低限度的手术能力。在抛物线飞行的微重力环境中对外科手术的早期演示表明，需要进行仔细的后勤规划并固定手术器械。人体工程学在微重力环境中的影响也比在传统的1G环境中更大。
在抛物线飞行外科手术中评估了三种手术器械固定方法——小型手术套件（MSK）、手术约束刷洗服（SRSS）和手术托盘（ST）。
MSK易于存储、易于展开，并且在微重力环境中展现出促进外科手术的最佳能力。
微重力手术约束系统的重要因素包括用品的出色组织、保持无菌的能力、在提供安全约束的同时便于取用、处理尖锐物品和生物垃圾的能力以及人体工程学效率。
