Pöggeler S
Lehrstuhl für Allgemeine und Molekulare Botanik, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Germany.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2001 Sep;56(5-6):589-601. doi: 10.1007/s002530100721.
The ability to mate fungi in the laboratory is a valuable tool for genetic analysis and for classical strain improvement. In ascomycetous fungi, mating typically occurs between morphologically identical partners that are distinguished by their mating type. In most cases, the single mating-type locus conferring mating behavior consists of dissimilar DNA sequences (idiomorphs) in the mating partners. All ascomycete mating-type idiomorphs encode proteins with confirmed or putative DNA-binding motifs. These proteins control, as master regulatory transcription factors, pathways of cell speciation and sexual morphogenesis. Mating-type organization of four of the six classes of ascomycetes has been studied at the molecular level over the past 20 years. This review gives a short overview of the structural organization of the mating-type loci of yeasts and filamentous ascomycetes. In addition, this review describes how the availability of mating-type sequences allows the investigation of key issues concerning genetic and phylogenetic analyses of fungal species.
在实验室中对真菌进行交配的能力是遗传分析和经典菌株改良的宝贵工具。在子囊菌中，交配通常发生在形态相同但交配型不同的伙伴之间。在大多数情况下，赋予交配行为的单一交配型位点由交配伙伴中不同的DNA序列（特异型）组成。所有子囊菌交配型特异型都编码具有已证实或推定DNA结合基序的蛋白质。这些蛋白质作为主要调节转录因子，控制细胞特化和有性形态发生的途径。在过去20年里，已在分子水平上研究了六类子囊菌中四类的交配型组织。本综述简要概述了酵母和丝状子囊菌交配型位点的结构组织。此外，本综述还描述了交配型序列的可用性如何有助于研究有关真菌物种遗传和系统发育分析的关键问题。
