Johnson J A
Department of History, Villanova University, PA 19085-1699, USA.
NTM. 1998;6(1):1-21. doi: 10.1007/BF02914200.
The paper traces the entrance of German women into the chemistry profession from the 1890s to 1925, examining how they first overcame social and cultural conservatism to obtain access to opportunities for a chemical education during the later Kaiserreich, then began to seek academic and industrial careers and to establish a professional organization in the face of resistance from the established Verein Deutscher Chemiker. The paper examines the effect of World War I and the advent of the Weimar Republic in completing the process whereby German women achieved a small but significant role in the profession of chemistry, in science as well as industry. Finally, it discusses the considerable limitations on women's full and equal participation that still remained by 1925.
本文追溯了19世纪90年代至1925年德国女性进入化学行业的历程，考察了她们如何首先克服社会和文化保守主义，以便在德意志帝国后期获得化学教育的机会，然后在面对德国化学学会的抵制时，开始谋求学术和工业领域的职业，并建立一个专业组织。本文探讨了第一次世界大战和魏玛共和国的到来在完成德国女性在化学行业、科学以及工业领域中获得虽小但却重要的角色这一过程中所产生的影响。最后，本文讨论了到1925年时，女性在充分和平等参与方面仍然存在的相当大的限制。
