Jones M
Department of Historical Studies, University of Bristol, UK.
Soc Hist Med. 2000 Apr;13(1):87-109. doi: 10.1093/shm/13.1.87.
In 1934-35 Ceylon suffered a major malaria epidemic which affected one and a half million people out of a population of five and a half million. This paper will first examine the orgins and course of the epidemic but the main focus is on the measures the authorities adopted to deal with the disaster. In 1931 Ceylon had attained 'home rule' under the Donoughmore Constitution. The epidemic was a first and major test of the efficacy of the new government. Examining the responses of the imperial government, the colonial government and the colonial medical services to this medical emergency establishes that the epidemic was a turning point in the health services of Ceylon and thus Sri Lanka, that the legacy of colonial medicine is essentially mixed and that the complexity and contradictory nature of colonial medicine can only be understood by detailed contextual research.
1934年至1935年，锡兰遭受了一场严重的疟疾疫情，在550万人口中，有150万人受到影响。本文将首先考察疫情的起源和发展过程，但重点是当局为应对这场灾难所采取的措施。1931年，锡兰根据《多诺莫尔宪法》实现了“地方自治”。这场疫情是对新政府效能的首次重大考验。审视帝国政府、殖民地政府和殖民地医疗服务机构对这一医疗紧急情况的应对措施，可以确定这场疫情是锡兰乃至斯里兰卡卫生服务的一个转折点，殖民地医学的遗产本质上是好坏参半的，只有通过详细的背景研究才能理解殖民地医学的复杂性和矛盾性。
