[The pioneers of vascular surgery in Lyon: M. Jaboulay, A. Carrel, E. Villard et R. Leriche].

Lyon was, during about 30 years, French vascular surgery birth place just after our century beginning. At first, Mathieu Jaboulay, the last Hôtel-Dieu chief-surgeon, made up a blood vessel anastomosis by means of a circular eversive suturing. Then, Alexis Carrel improved anastomotic bindings and get on the first organic transplantation. At the same time, Eugène Villard took up again his experimental studies and, since 1811, made them complete by way of accurate histological analysis. At last, René Leriche devoted himself to sympathetic nervous system surgery in order to cure arteritis but without foreseeing by-pass prospects in the future.