Hess V
Ber Wiss. 2000 Sep;23(3):317-29. doi: 10.1002/bewi.20000230309.
The historical shift in the function of the hospital from an asylum for the care of the indigent sick to a medical-therapeutic institution is intimately associated with the exploitation of the hospital as a clinical facility. Thus, over the course of the 19th century the space of the hospital and its disciplinary structure was permeated and reorganized by clinical practices. Drawing on the example of the Charite hospital in Berlin, it can be shown how the historical shift in the hospital's outward social function went hand in hand with the creation of a differentiated internal clinical space. In this compartmentalized clinical space the discipline of the hospital was replaced with methods of clinical examination, techniques of observation, and procedures of documentation, all of which helped to transform the hospital into a knowledge-space.
医院功能从照顾贫困患者的收容所向医疗治疗机构的历史性转变,与将医院作为临床设施加以利用密切相关。因此,在19世纪的进程中,医院的空间及其学科结构被临床实践所渗透和重组。以柏林的夏里特医院为例,可以看出医院外在社会功能的历史性转变是如何与差异化内部临床空间的创建同步进行的。在这个划分成不同区域的临床空间里,医院的学科被临床检查方法、观察技术和记录程序所取代,所有这些都有助于将医院转变为一个知识空间。