Berry I, Cassol E, Ibarrola D, Manelfe C, Clanet M
Biophysique, Neuroradiologie et Neurologie, CHU Toulouse, France.
Rev Neurol (Paris). 2001 Sep;157(8-9 Pt 1):769-76.
Early imaging investigations in multiple sclerosis (MS) described focal signs. Technological progress now suggests this concept should be revisited as more diffuse anomalies of the central nervous system are described, sometimes involving regions that appear normal with conventional imaging techniques. This integrative concept results largely from the contribution of magnetic resonance imaging techniques recently broadened to in vivo investigations. Technical developments in MRI now provide new contrast images (magnetization transfer, diffusion, anisotropic diffusion, functional MRI using the BOLD method) as well as new variants of conventional sequences designed to demonstrate specific aspects of the MS lesions: FLAIR sequence (a T2-weighted sequence), black holes (a particular aspect on T1-weighted images), cord atrophy (quantification of the axial section of the cord on T1-weighted sequences). Together these new methods should improve diagnostic sensitivity (FLAIR) or provide prognosis information not provided by conventional sequences (T2 or T2 weighted images with or without gadolinium injection).
多发性硬化症（MS）早期的影像学检查描述了局灶性体征。如今的技术进步表明，随着中枢神经系统出现更多弥漫性异常情况（有时涉及常规成像技术显示为正常的区域）的描述，这一概念应重新审视。这种综合概念很大程度上源于最近扩展到体内研究的磁共振成像技术的贡献。MRI的技术发展现在提供了新的对比图像（磁化传递、扩散、各向异性扩散、使用血氧水平依赖（BOLD）方法的功能MRI）以及旨在展示MS病变特定方面的传统序列的新变体：液体衰减反转恢复（FLAIR）序列（一种T2加权序列）、黑洞（T1加权图像上的一个特定方面）、脊髓萎缩（T1加权序列上脊髓轴向截面的量化）。这些新方法共同应能提高诊断敏感性（FLAIR）或提供常规序列（T2或有无钆注射的T2加权图像）未提供的预后信息。
