McGuire M R, Tamez-Guerra P, Behle R W, Streett D A
Bioactive Agents Research Unit, USDA-REE-ARS, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Peoria, IL 61604-3902, USA.
J Econ Entomol. 2001 Oct;94(5):1037-44. doi: 10.1603/0022-0493-94.5.1037.
Nucleopolyhedroviruses originally isolated from Anagrapha falcifera (Kirby) and Autographa californica (Speyer) were formulated with various ingredients using a spray dry method and tested for residual field activity in Illinois and Mississippi. In Mississippi, field tests were conducted on cotton in 1997, whereas in Illinois tests were conducted on cabbage in 1997 and 1998. Within 24 h, significant differences were observed among formulations in all tests. Unformulated virus had significantly less insecticidal activity than formulated virus and formulations containing lignin retained activity significantly longer than other formulations. Relatively small amounts of Blankophor BBH, when encapsulated within the formulation, did not greatly enhance (>10x) insecticidal activity based on LC50 determinations nor prolong insecticidal activity based on field evaluations. In most tests, >50% activity remained in formulations containing lignin, whereas unformulated virus retained <50% activity within 24 h after application.
