Renton-Harper P, Addy M, Newcombe R G
Division of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School, Bristol, UK.
J Clin Periodontol. 2001 Oct;28(10):917-22. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-051x.2001.028010917.x.
Laboratory robots can reveal differences in the cleaning of artificial tooth surfaces by different electric toothbrushes. The primary aim of this study was to establish, through video instruction, a panel of experts in tooth cleaning with an oscillating rotating electric toothbrush in an attempt to mimic the highly reproducible laboratory robot. A secondary aim was to use the "expert" panel, in an attempt to distinguish between tooth cleaning efficacy of 4 head/model combinations of the oscillating rotating electric brush.
A 24-subject panel, after video training and home habituation for up to 12 weeks with the basic model of electric brush, participated in a single examiner blind, 4-cell, randomised, cross-over study balanced for residual effects. In each period, subjects suspended tooth cleaning for 4 days. Plaque was then scored by area before and after tooth brushing for 2 min in tandem with the instructional video with the allocated brush head/model combination.
Differences between subjects was significant, but overall plaque removal with all brushes was of the order of 85% with one subject achieving >97% plaque removal. There were significant differences between the brushes with the oscillating rotating brush with the faster head movement, in most analyses, significantly more effective than the slower oscillating rotating brush with 2 head combinations. The faster oscillating rotating brush was also significantly more effective than the most recently introduced oscillating rotating reciprocating model.
Previous studies have shown that single uses of watch-and-follow video instruction significantly improve toothcleaning with electric toothbrushes. The present study shows that extended training using these videos results in almost complete plaque removal even when prebrushing plaque levels have been enhanced by a 4-day period of no oral hygiene. Furthermore, the establishment of an "expert" panel can distinguish between brushes of different cleaning efficiencies. However, given the level of achievement of all panel members with all brushes, the absolute differences observed are of doubtful clinical significance for gingival health. Finally, the slightly-reduced plaque removal by the 3 directional head action brush can be explained by the inability within the present protocol to habituate the subjects in its use.
实验室机器人能够揭示不同电动牙刷在清洁人造牙齿表面时的差异。本研究的主要目的是通过视频指导，建立一个使用振荡旋转式电动牙刷进行牙齿清洁的专家小组，以试图模拟高度可重复的实验室机器人。次要目的是利用该“专家”小组，试图区分振荡旋转式电动牙刷4种刷头/型号组合的牙齿清洁效果。
一个由24名受试者组成的小组，在对电动牙刷基本型号进行长达12周的视频培训和家庭习惯养成后，参与了一项由单一检查者盲法、4单元、随机、交叉设计的研究，该研究针对残留效应进行了平衡。在每个阶段，受试者暂停牙齿清洁4天。然后，在与教学视频同步使用分配的刷头/型号组合进行2分钟刷牙前后，通过面积对牙菌斑进行评分。
受试者之间的差异显著，但所有牙刷的总体牙菌斑清除率约为85%，其中一名受试者的牙菌斑清除率超过97%。在大多数分析中，刷头运动较快的振荡旋转式牙刷与刷头运动较慢的振荡旋转式牙刷的2种刷头组合相比，两者之间存在显著差异，前者明显更有效。运动较快的振荡旋转式牙刷也明显比最新推出的振荡旋转往复式型号更有效。
先前的研究表明，单次使用观看并跟随视频指导可显著改善电动牙刷的牙齿清洁效果。本研究表明，即使在经过4天无口腔卫生措施使刷牙前牙菌斑水平升高的情况下，使用这些视频进行强化培训仍可实现几乎完全清除牙菌斑。此外，建立“专家”小组可以区分不同清洁效率的牙刷。然而，鉴于所有小组成员使用所有牙刷所达到的水平，观察到的绝对差异对牙龈健康的临床意义存疑。最后，三向刷头动作牙刷的牙菌斑清除率略有降低，这可以通过本方案中受试者无法习惯使用该牙刷来解释。
