O'Meara D M, Smith R M
School of Exercise and Sport Science, Faculty of Health Science, The University of Sydney, Lidcombe NSW, Australia.
Ergonomics. 2001 Sep 15;44(11):973-88. doi: 10.1080/00140130110074882.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the static friction properties between human palmar skin and five grabrail materials (chrome, stainless steel, power-coated steel, textured aluminium and knurled steel) for dry, wet and soapy hands. Thirty subjects (15 female, 15 male) participated in this study, their ages ranging from 19 to 45 years with a mean age of 28 years. The normal force, friction force, and coefficient of static friction were determined by measuring three-dimensional forces while slipping the palm of the hand over the surface of a grabrail. A repeated measures ANOVA indicated that gender, age, hand size and trial effect had no significant influence (p>0.05) on these results. The coefficient of friction (p<0.001) and friction force (p<0.001) were significantly lower when the hand was soapy than when it was dry or wet. The normal force applied when the hand was soapy was significantly greater (p<0.001) than when it was dry or wet. No significant difference was found between dry and wet hands. The two textured materials displayed superior friction properties when the hand was soapy, while the smooth materials performed best when the hand was dry.
本研究的目的是调查人手掌皮肤与五种扶手材料（镀铬、不锈钢、粉末涂层钢、纹理铝和滚花钢）在手部干燥、湿润和涂有肥皂时的静摩擦特性。30名受试者（15名女性，15名男性）参与了本研究，他们的年龄在19至45岁之间，平均年龄为28岁。通过测量手部在扶手上滑动时的三维力来确定法向力、摩擦力和静摩擦系数。重复测量方差分析表明，性别、年龄、手的大小和试验效应对这些结果没有显著影响（p>0.05）。手部涂有肥皂时的摩擦系数（p<0.001）和摩擦力（p<0.001）显著低于手部干燥或湿润时。手部涂有肥皂时施加的法向力显著大于（p<0.001）手部干燥或湿润时。干燥和湿润的手部之间未发现显著差异。当手部涂有肥皂时，两种纹理材料表现出优异的摩擦性能，而光滑材料在手部干燥时表现最佳。
