Poutanen E L, Nikkilä K
Ministry of Environment, P.O. Box 380, FIN-00131 Helsinki, Finland.
Ambio. 2001 Aug;30(4-5):179-83.
The distributions of carotenoid pigments were studied in recent and postglacial sediments collected in the Gotland Basin, in the northern part of the Baltic proper, and in the eastern Gulf of Finland in May 1999. The aim was to provide a systematic, historical review of the occurrence and intensity of cyanobacterial blooms in the Baltic Sea in recent centuries. The presence of pigments was determined using high-pressure liquid chromatogrpahy (HPLC), with attention mainly focused on pigments considered as markers for cyanobacteria. The pigment concentrations in sediments from the 3 sampling locations were found to differ markedly. In general, concentrations were highest in sediments from the Gotland Basin, and lowest in sediments from the eastern Gulf of Finland. In all 3 cores echinenone was the dominant carotenoid in the topmost layer of the sediment (0-1 cm). In the deeper sections of the cores, myxoxanthophyll and zeaxanthin dominated. To our knowledge, this is first time that myxoxanthophyll and echinenone have been detected in Baltic Sea sediments from the early Litorina stage. The decrease in the pigment content with sediment depth coincides with a decrease in carbon content, and also fits in with general historical records of the occurrence and intensity of cyanobacterial blooms in the Baltic Sea, which show that cyanobacterial blooms were seldom recorded before World War II.
1999年5月，对波罗的海中部哥特兰盆地、波罗的海北部以及芬兰湾东部近期和冰期后沉积物中的类胡萝卜素色素分布进行了研究。目的是对近几个世纪波罗的海蓝藻水华的发生情况和强度进行系统的历史回顾。使用高压液相色谱法（HPLC）测定色素的存在情况，主要关注被视为蓝藻标志物的色素。发现来自3个采样地点的沉积物中的色素浓度差异显著。一般来说，哥特兰盆地沉积物中的浓度最高，芬兰湾东部沉积物中的浓度最低。在所有3个岩芯中，海胆酮是沉积物最上层（0-1厘米）中的主要类胡萝卜素。在岩芯的较深部分，粘甲藻黄素和玉米黄质占主导地位。据我们所知，这是首次在早利托里纳阶段的波罗的海沉积物中检测到粘甲藻黄素和海胆酮。色素含量随沉积物深度的降低与碳含量的降低相吻合，也与波罗的海蓝藻水华发生情况和强度的总体历史记录相符，该记录表明，第二次世界大战前很少记录到蓝藻水华。
