Trafficking of GFP-tagged DeltaF508-CFTR to the plasma membrane in a polarized epithelial cell line.

The DeltaF508 mutation reduces the amount of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) expressed in the plasma membrane of epithelial cells. However, a reduced temperature, butyrate compounds, and "chemical chaperones" allow DeltaF508-CFTR to traffic to the plasma membrane and increase Cl(-) permeability in heterologous and nonpolarized cells. Because trafficking is affected by the polarized state of epithelial cells and is cell-type dependent, our goal was to determine whether these maneuvers induce DeltaF508-CFTR trafficking to the apical plasma membrane in polarized epithelial cells. To this end, we generated and characterized a line of polarized Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells stably expressing DeltaF508-CFTR tagged with green fluorescent protein (GFP). A reduced temperature, glycerol, butyrate, or DMSO had no effect on 8-(4-chlorophenylthio)-cAMP (CPT-cAMP)-stimulated transepithelial Cl(-) secretion across polarized monolayers. However, when the basolateral membrane was permeabilized, butyrate, but not the other experimental maneuvers, increased the CPT-cAMP-stimulated Cl(-) current across the apical plasma membrane. Thus butyrate increased the amount of functional DeltaF508-CFTR in the apical plasma membrane. Butyrate failed to stimulate transepithelial Cl(-) secretion because of inhibitory effects on Cl(-) uptake across the basolateral membrane. These observations suggest that studies on heterologous and nonpolarized cells should be interpreted cautiously. The GFP tag on DeltaF508-CFTR will allow investigation of DeltaF508-CFTR trafficking in living, polarized MDCK epithelial cells in real time.