Voldman J, Gray M L, Schmidt M A
Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
Annu Rev Biomed Eng. 1999;1:401-25. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bioeng.1.1.401.
Microfabrication uses integrated-circuit manufacturing technology supplemented by its own processes to create objects with dimensions in the range of micrometers to millimeters. These objects can have miniature moving parts, stationary structures, or both. Microfabrication has been used for many applications in biology and medicine. These applications fall into four domains: tools for molecular biology and biochemistry, tools for cell biology, medical devices, and biosensors. Microfabricated device structures may provide significantly enhanced function with respect to a conventional device. Sometimes microfabrication can enable devices with novel capabilities. These enhancing and enabling qualities are conferred when microfabrication is used appropriately to address the right types of problems. Herein, we describe microfabrication technology and its application to biology and medicine. We detail several classes of advantages conferred by microfabrication and how these advantages have been used to date.
微纳制造利用集成电路制造技术，并辅以自身工艺，来制造尺寸在微米到毫米范围内的物体。这些物体可以有微型运动部件、固定结构或两者兼具。微纳制造已在生物学和医学的许多应用中得到使用。这些应用可分为四个领域：分子生物学和生物化学工具、细胞生物学工具、医疗设备和生物传感器。与传统设备相比，微纳制造的设备结构可能具有显著增强的功能。有时微纳制造能够实现具有新颖功能的设备。当微纳制造被恰当地用于解决合适类型的问题时，就会赋予这些增强和实现新功能的特性。在此，我们描述微纳制造技术及其在生物学和医学中的应用。我们详细介绍了微纳制造带来的几类优势以及这些优势迄今为止的使用方式。
