Iwanaga S, Ferrari S F
Department of Zoology, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Belém, Brazil.
Folia Primatol (Basel). 2001 Jul-Aug;72(4):217-27. doi: 10.1159/000049941.
Syntopic Alouatta seniculus, Ateles chamek and Lagothrix cana (Atelidae) were studied in southwestern Amazonia. Primate populations were first surveyed, and then the party size, diet and vertical spacing were monitored over a 5-month period. Atelids accounted for more than half the survey sightings and Lagothrix was the most abundant. Party sizes recorded for both Alouatta and Lagothrix during monitoring were significantly larger than those recorded during surveys, but no such difference was found for Ateles. Monitored parties were significantly larger in Lagothrix in comparison with either Alouatta or Ateles, as were groups of Ateles in comparison with Alouatta. Mean party size in Ateles decreased progressively during the course of the study, from 8.9 +/- 3.4 in June to 3.9 +/- 2.3 in October. Moraceae was the most important dietary resource for Ateles and Lagothrix, in terms of both feeding records and number of species exploited. There was considerable overlap in the plant taxa exploited, but some notable differences, such as the exclusive use of Hymenaea courbaril (Caesalpinaceae) by Lagothrix and of Euterpe precatoria (Arecaceae) by Ateles. As at other sites in the region, Ateles occupied significantly higher forest strata in comparison with Lagothrix. Despite the preliminary nature of the study, the results indicate a number of ecological differences between species that undoubtedly play an important role in niche separation.
对亚马逊西南部的同域物种僧面猴（Alouatta seniculus）、绒毛蛛猴（Ateles chamek）和白喉绒毛猴（Lagothrix cana）（蜘蛛猴科）进行了研究。首先对灵长类动物种群进行了调查，然后在5个月的时间里监测了群体规模、饮食和垂直分布情况。蜘蛛猴科动物占调查目击数的一半以上，白喉绒毛猴数量最多。监测期间记录的僧面猴和白喉绒毛猴的群体规模显著大于调查期间记录的规模，但绒毛蛛猴未发现这种差异。与僧面猴或绒毛蛛猴相比，监测到的白喉绒毛猴群体明显更大，与僧面猴相比，绒毛蛛猴的群体也是如此。在研究过程中，绒毛蛛猴的平均群体规模逐渐减小，从6月的8.9±3.4降至10月的3.9±2.3。就取食记录和所利用的物种数量而言，桑科是绒毛蛛猴和白喉绒毛猴最重要的食物资源。在所利用的植物类群上有相当大的重叠，但也有一些显著差异，例如白喉绒毛猴独占孪叶豆（Hymenaea courbaril）（苏木科），绒毛蛛猴独占黄棕榈（Euterpe precatoria）（棕榈科）。与该地区的其他地点一样, 绒毛蛛猴相比，绒毛蛛猴占据明显更高的森林层次。尽管该研究具有初步性质，但结果表明物种之间存在一些生态差异，这些差异无疑在生态位分离中起着重要作用。
