Prince Gregory A, Curtis Spencer J, Yim Kevin C, Porter David D
Virion Systems, Inc., 9610 Medical Center Drive, Suite 100, Rockville, MD 20850-3343, USA1.
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA2.
J Gen Virol. 2001 Dec;82(Pt 12):2881-2888. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-82-12-2881.
A formalin-inactivated respiratory syncytial virus vaccine was used to immunize infants in the mid-1960s; when these children later were naturally infected by the virus they developed markedly accentuated disease, and two died. For the present work, a new batch of vaccine was prepared using the original formula. Administration of either the old or new vaccines resulted in enhanced lesions in immunized cotton rats subsequently challenged with live virus, although administration of the vaccine reduced virus replication by 90%. Animals primed with formalin-inactivated virus and challenged developed markedly accentuated lesions of the same type as in animals undergoing primary or secondary infection. In addition, the animals with the vaccine-enhanced disease developed alveolitis and interstitial pneumonitis, which appear to be specific markers for the vaccine enhancement. The newly prepared vaccine appears suitable as a reference standard for studying the mechanism of vaccine-enhanced disease caused by this virus. Additionally, we reviewed the lesions in the lungs of the two humans who died with the vaccine-enhanced disease in 1967, and found that they were similar to, but more severe than those seen in the cotton rats.
20世纪60年代中期，一种福尔马林灭活呼吸道合胞病毒疫苗被用于给婴儿接种；后来这些儿童自然感染该病毒时，病情明显加重，并有两人死亡。在本研究中，使用原始配方制备了一批新疫苗。无论是接种旧疫苗还是新疫苗，在随后用活病毒攻击的免疫棉鼠中均导致病变加重，尽管接种疫苗可使病毒复制减少90%。用福尔马林灭活病毒免疫并受到攻击的动物出现了与经历初次或二次感染的动物相同类型的明显加重病变。此外，患有疫苗增强型疾病的动物出现了肺泡炎和间质性肺炎，这似乎是疫苗增强的特异性标志。新制备的疫苗似乎适合作为研究该病毒引起的疫苗增强型疾病机制的参考标准。此外，我们回顾了1967年死于疫苗增强型疾病的两名患者肺部的病变，发现它们与棉鼠的病变相似，但更严重。
