Eichenbaum H
Department of Psychology, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
Behav Brain Res. 2001 Dec 14;127(1-2):199-207. doi: 10.1016/s0166-4328(01)00365-5.
It is widely accepted that the hippocampus and related brain areas mediate declarative (or explicit) memory in humans. However, little is known about the fundamental cognitive mechanisms of hippocampal dependent memory or about the nature of hippocampal neural representations that underlie properties of declarative memory. Here, it is proposed that the hippocampus plays a critical role, when distinct personal experiences must be encoded in relation to one another and linked within an organization that supports flexible, inferential memory expression. This set of fundamental cognitive mechanisms is consistent with key properties of declarative memory as observed in humans. Furthermore, emerging evidence from recordings of hippocampal neural activity shows that hippocampal networks encode episodic memories as sequences of events and the places, where they occur. In addition, hippocampal neuronal networks encode events and places that are common across related episodes. This combination of coding properties suggests that the hippocampus contributes to declarative memory by mediating the construction of a "memory space" composed of a network of linked episodic representations.
人们普遍认为，海马体及相关脑区介导人类的陈述性（或显性）记忆。然而，对于海马体依赖记忆的基本认知机制，或者对于构成陈述性记忆特性基础的海马体神经表征的本质，我们却知之甚少。在此，有人提出，当不同的个人经历必须相互关联地进行编码，并在一个支持灵活、推理记忆表达的组织中建立联系时，海马体起着关键作用。这组基本认知机制与在人类身上观察到的陈述性记忆的关键特性是一致的。此外，海马体神经活动记录的新证据表明，海马体网络将情景记忆编码为事件序列以及事件发生的地点。此外，海马体神经元网络对相关情景中共同的事件和地点进行编码。这种编码特性的组合表明，海马体通过介导由相互关联的情景表征网络组成的“记忆空间”的构建，对陈述性记忆做出贡献。
