Bonsack C, Conus P, Delacrausaz P, Borgeat F
Rev Med Suisse Romande. 2001 Sep;121(9):677-81.
Practice of psychiatric hospitalization has considerably changed: deinstitutionnalization, brief hospitalizations, opened units, partnership with patients and complementarity with community mental health services. These changes appear simultaneously in most of industrialized countries. They are the result of social changes, evolution of mental health care, and a sharper perception of deinsertion risks through long term hospitalizations. Values of psychiatric hospital were based on a closed and protective place, where community life prepared to life in the community; they are now founded on an opened place where care aims at resolving crisis and keeping closely in touch with the community. These modifications imply to rethink hospital psychiatric care and their connections with environment. This paper describe a model of care developed in a first admission psychiatric unit.
去机构化、短期住院、开放式病房、与患者建立伙伴关系以及与社区精神卫生服务互补。这些变化在大多数工业化国家同时出现。它们是社会变革、精神卫生保健发展以及对长期住院导致的出院风险有更深刻认识的结果。精神病院的价值观过去基于一个封闭且保护性的场所，在这里进行社区生活以准备回归社区生活；而现在则建立在一个开放式场所，在这里护理旨在解决危机并与社区保持密切联系。这些改变意味着要重新思考医院精神科护理及其与环境的联系。本文描述了在一个首次入院精神科病房开发的护理模式。
