Le Brigand H, Kaswin R
Ann Anesthesiol Fr. 1976;11(7):821-6.
Pleural effusion is still often poorly drained: - incorrect introduction of the drain into the thorax, - ill-chosen position of the drain. Simple drainage, a minima, is considered here, that which requires no broad surgical incision and which, in cases of effusion with compression of the lung, is often a life saving procedure which any doctor should be able to carry out, especially if he deals with emergencies. The surest technique consists of placing a No. 30 drain, using a pleurotomy trocart, type Monod or Coquelet, under local anaesthesia. Introduction of the drain using a forceps after an incision with the scalpel blade is only justified if one has no trocart available. So-called disposable drains, mounted on a pointed bevelled needle prepared in advance, are practical but dangerous. Capillary drainages are methods of second choice. They are often excluded within short delays. The efficacy of the drainage depends on its position.
引流管置入胸腔的位置不当，引流管的位置选择欠佳。这里考虑的是最简单的引流方式，即无需做大的手术切口，对于肺部受压的积液病例，这通常是一种能挽救生命的操作，任何医生都应能够实施，尤其是在处理紧急情况时。最可靠的技术是在局部麻醉下，使用莫诺（Monod）型或科克莱（Coquelet）型胸腔切开套管针置入30号引流管。只有在没有套管针的情况下，才可以在使用手术刀切开后用镊子置入引流管。所谓的一次性引流管，安装在预先准备好的带尖斜面针上，使用方便但存在危险。毛细引流是次选方法。它们通常在短时间内就被排除。引流的效果取决于其位置。
