Perry C L, Mcguire M T, Neumark-Sztainer D, Story M
Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55454, USA.
J Adolesc Health. 2001 Dec;29(6):406-16. doi: 10.1016/s1054-139x(01)00258-0.
To examine the prevalence of adolescents' vegetarianism in a multiethnic, urban population, and its correlates with demographic, personal, weight-related, and behavioral factors.
Self-report and anthropometric data were collected from a representative sample of 4746 adolescents from 31 public middle schools and high schools in the Twin Cities area of Minnesota. Students answered questions concerning vegetarianism, food and weight, and health behaviors. Height and weight were directly measured. Comparisons were made between self-reported vegetarians and nonvegetarians; these analyses also assessed gender and race/ethnicity interactions. In the second set of analyses, demographic and behavioral characteristics of more restricted and semi-vegetarians were examined. Analyses were done by logistic regression.
Teenage vegetarians comprise about 6% of the sample. The vegetarians were more likely than nonvegetarians to be female, not black, weight- and body-conscious, dissatisfied with their bodies, and involved in a variety of healthy and unhealthy weight control behaviors. Vegetarians more often reported having been told by a physician that they had an eating disorder and were more likely to have contemplated and attempted suicide. Vegetarian males were found to be an especially high risk group for unhealthy weight control practices. Few ethnic group differences among vegetarians were noted. Adolescents who did not eat chicken and fish were at lower risk than those who also ate chicken and fish.
Adolescent vegetarians are at greater risk than others for involvement in unhealthy and extreme weight control behaviors. Vegetarian males are at particularly high risk. Vegetarianism among adolescents may therefore be a signal for preventive intervention. Adolescents who choose to become vegetarians may also need to learn how to healthfully do so.
调查多民族城市人口中青少年素食主义的流行情况，及其与人口统计学、个人、体重相关和行为因素的关联。
从明尼苏达州双子城地区31所公立初中和高中的4746名青少年的代表性样本中收集自我报告和人体测量数据。学生回答了有关素食主义、食物和体重以及健康行为的问题。直接测量身高和体重。对自我报告的素食者和非素食者进行比较；这些分析还评估了性别和种族/民族的相互作用。在第二组分析中，研究了更严格的素食者和半素食者的人口统计学和行为特征。通过逻辑回归进行分析。
青少年素食者约占样本的6%。与非素食者相比，素食者更可能为女性、非黑人、关注体重和身材、对自己的身体不满意，并且参与各种健康和不健康的体重控制行为。素食者更常报告医生告知他们患有饮食失调症，并且更有可能考虑过自杀和尝试过自杀。发现素食男性是不健康体重控制行为的特别高危群体。素食者中未发现明显的种族差异。不吃鸡肉和鱼肉的青少年比那些也吃鸡肉和鱼肉的青少年风险更低。
青少年素食者比其他人更有可能参与不健康和极端的体重控制行为。素食男性风险尤其高。因此，青少年中的素食主义可能是预防性干预的一个信号。选择成为素食者的青少年可能也需要学习如何健康地做到这一点。
