Prickett W D, Ward S I, Matava M J
Sports Medicine Section, Washington University, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, St Louis, Missouri, USA.
Sports Med. 2001;31(14):997-1019. doi: 10.2165/00007256-200131140-00004.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has revolutionised diagnostic imaging of the knee. It has evolved significantly since Kean described healthy and pathologic knee anatomy in 1983. This innovative technology allows superior soft-tissue detail with multiplanar imaging capability that provides accurate evaluation of intra- and extra-articular structures of the knee not demonstrated with other imaging modalities. The development and advancements in MRI and the introduction of high-resolution coils have provided a noninvasive, nonoperator dependent, cost effective means to diagnose knee pathology. MRI is well tolerated by patients, widely accepted by evaluating physicians, and assists in distinguishing pathologic knee conditions that may have similar clinical signs and symptoms (i.e. meniscal tears, osteochondral lesions). This paper presents an overview of MRI of the knee and focuses on the MRI findings in a number of common pathologic conditions.
磁共振成像（MRI）彻底改变了膝关节的诊断成像。自1983年基恩描述健康和病理状态下的膝关节解剖结构以来，它已经有了显著发展。这项创新技术能够提供卓越的软组织细节，具备多平面成像能力，可准确评估膝关节内和关节外结构，而其他成像方式无法做到这一点。MRI的发展与进步以及高分辨率线圈的引入，为诊断膝关节病变提供了一种非侵入性、不依赖操作人员且经济高效的手段。患者对MRI耐受性良好，得到了评估医生的广泛认可，有助于区分可能具有相似临床体征和症状的膝关节病变情况（如半月板撕裂、骨软骨损伤）。本文概述了膝关节的MRI，并着重介绍了一些常见病理状况下的MRI表现。
