Avol E L, Gauderman W J, Tan S M, London S J, Peters J M
Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA.
Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2001 Dec 1;164(11):2067-72. doi: 10.1164/ajrccm.164.11.2102005.
We studied 110 children (59 boys and 51 girls, who were 10 yr of age at enrollment and 15 yr of age at follow-up) who had moved from communities participating in a 10-yr prospective study of respiratory health (The Children's Health Study [CHS]) to determine whether changes in air quality caused by relocation were associated with changes in annual lung function growth rates. The subjects were given health questionnaires and underwent spirometry in their homes across six western states, according to a protocol identical to evaluations performed annually on the CHS cohort in school. Changes in annual average exposure to particulate matter with a mean diameter of 10 microm (PM(10)) were associated with differences in annual lung function growth rates for FEV(1), maximal midexpiratory flow, and peak expiratory flow rate. As a group, subjects who had moved to areas of lower PM(10) showed increased growth in lung function and subjects who moved to communities with a higher PM(10) showed decreased growth in lung function. A stronger trend was found for subjects who had migrated at least 3 yr before the follow-up visit than for those who had moved in the previous 1 to 2 yr. We conclude that changes in air pollution exposure during adolescent growth years have a measurable and potentially important effect on lung function growth and performance.
我们研究了110名儿童（59名男孩和51名女孩，入组时10岁，随访时15岁），这些儿童从参与一项为期10年的呼吸系统健康前瞻性研究（儿童健康研究[CHS]）的社区迁出，以确定因搬迁导致的空气质量变化是否与年度肺功能增长率的变化相关。根据与每年在学校对CHS队列进行评估相同的方案，这些受试者在西部六个州的家中接受了健康问卷调查并进行了肺活量测定。平均直径为10微米的颗粒物（PM10）的年平均暴露量变化与第一秒用力呼气容积（FEV1）、最大呼气中期流速和呼气峰值流速的年度肺功能增长率差异相关。总体而言，搬到PM10浓度较低地区的受试者肺功能增长加快，而搬到PM10浓度较高社区的受试者肺功能增长减慢。与在随访前1至2年内搬迁的受试者相比，在随访前至少3年就已搬迁的受试者呈现出更强的趋势。我们得出结论，青少年成长期间空气污染暴露的变化对肺功能增长和表现有可测量的且可能重要的影响。
