Nardi A E, Valença A M, Nascimento I, Zin W A
Laboratory of Panic and Respiration, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, R. Visconde de Pirajá, 407/702, RJ-22410-003, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Psychiatry Res. 2001 Dec 15;105(1-2):57-65. doi: 10.1016/s0165-1781(01)00335-3.
Our aim was to determine whether panic disorder (PD) patients, major depressive patients without panic attacks (MD) and major depressive patients with panic attacks (MDP) respond similarly to hyperventilation challenge tests. We randomly selected 35 PD patients, 33 MDP patients, 27 MD patients and 30 normal volunteers with no family history of anxiety or mood disorder. The patients had not been treated with psychotropic drugs for at least 1 week. They were induced to hyperventilate (30 breaths/min) for 4 min, and anxiety was assessed before and after the test. A total of 16 (45.7%) PD patients, 12 (36.4%) MDP patients, four (11.1%) MD patients, and two (6.7%) normal volunteers had a panic attack after hyperventilating. The PD and MDP patients were significantly more responsive to hyperventilation than the MD patients and the normal volunteers. The MD patients had a significantly lower heart-rate response to the test than all the other groups. There is growing evidence that PD patients are more sensitive to the vasoconstrictive effects on basilar arterial blood flow caused by hyperventilation-induced hypocapnia than are comparison subjects. Our data suggest that there is an association between panic attacks and hyperreactivity to an acute hyperventilation challenge test.
我们的目的是确定惊恐障碍（PD）患者、无惊恐发作的重度抑郁症患者（MD）和有惊恐发作的重度抑郁症患者（MDP）对过度换气激发试验的反应是否相似。我们随机选取了35名PD患者、33名MDP患者、27名MD患者和30名无焦虑或情绪障碍家族史的正常志愿者。这些患者至少1周未接受精神药物治疗。诱导他们以每分钟30次呼吸的频率过度换气4分钟，并在试验前后评估焦虑情况。共有16名（45.7%）PD患者、12名（36.4%）MDP患者、4名（11.1%）MD患者和2名（6.7%）正常志愿者在过度换气后出现惊恐发作。PD和MDP患者对过度换气的反应明显比MD患者和正常志愿者更强烈。MD患者对试验的心率反应明显低于所有其他组。越来越多的证据表明，与对照受试者相比，PD患者对过度换气引起的低碳酸血症导致的基底动脉血流的血管收缩作用更敏感。我们的数据表明，惊恐发作与对急性过度换气激发试验的高反应性之间存在关联。
