Szych J, Cieślik A, Paciorek J, Kałuzewski S
Zakład Bakteriologii PZH w Warszawie.
Med Dosw Mikrobiol. 2001;53(1):17-29.
A total of 510 Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica strains representing 56 serotypes, isolated from human stool specimens during 1998-2000 in sanitary-epidemiological units in Poland were tested for their susceptibility by a standard disk diffusion method for: ampicillin, cefotaxime, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, streptomycin, gentamicin, kanamycin, nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, furazolidone, cotrimoxazole, sulfonamides and trimethoprim. For 201 of the investigated strains, belonging to 5 most common isolated serotypes (S. Enteritidis, S. Typhimurium, S. Hadar, S. Infantis and S. Virchow) the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for the aforementioned antibiotics, as well as for amoxicillin with clavulanian were determined. Selected strains were screened for production extended spectrum b-lactamases (ESBLs). It was observed that 42.9% of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica strains were resistant to 2 or more antibiotics, with the highest prevalence of MDR strains among serotypes Typhimurium, Hadar and Virchow. Resistance to ampicillin, streptomycin, tetracycline, nalidixic acid, furazolidone and sulphonamides was observed most frequently. Over 93% of S. Virchow strains were resistant to furazolidone. No strains resistant to ciprofloxacin were detected according to the NCCLS guidelines, but 31.3% of isolates exhibiting reduced ciprofloxacin susceptibility (MICs ranging between 0.125 and 0.5 mg/l). Two strains S. Mbandaka and Salmonella group D (variant motility--) were resistant to cefotaxime and probably produced ESBL.
1998年至2000年期间，在波兰卫生流行病学单位从人类粪便标本中分离出总共510株肠炎沙门氏菌亚种肠炎菌株，代表56种血清型，采用标准纸片扩散法检测它们对以下抗生素的敏感性：氨苄西林、头孢噻肟、氯霉素、四环素、链霉素、庆大霉素、卡那霉素、萘啶酸、环丙沙星、呋喃唑酮、复方新诺明、磺胺类药物和甲氧苄啶。对于201株被调查菌株，它们属于5种最常见的分离血清型（肠炎沙门氏菌、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌、哈达尔沙门氏菌、婴儿沙门氏菌和维尔乔沙门氏菌），测定了上述抗生素以及阿莫西林克拉维酸的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）。对选定菌株进行超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBLs）产生情况的筛查。观察到42.9%的肠炎沙门氏菌亚种肠炎菌株对2种或更多种抗生素耐药，多重耐药菌株在鼠伤寒、哈达尔和维尔乔血清型中最为普遍。最常观察到对氨苄西林、链霉素、四环素、萘啶酸、呋喃唑酮和磺胺类药物的耐药性。超过93%的维尔乔沙门氏菌菌株对呋喃唑酮耐药。根据美国国家临床实验室标准委员会（NCCLS）指南，未检测到对环丙沙星耐药的菌株，但31.3%的分离株对环丙沙星的敏感性降低（MIC范围在0.125至0.5mg/L之间）。两株姆班达卡沙门氏菌和D群沙门氏菌（变异动力——）对头孢噻肟耐药，可能产生了ESBL。
